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WHALES 101

WHALES 101. POWERPOINT created by Kristi M. Willis Photo Credits: Kenneth C. Balcolmb III, Ken Bohn/SEAWORLD, Carpenter family, Bob Cranston/Innerspace Visions, Paul Forestell, John Green, Dan McSweeney, Tony Martin, Planet Earth Pictures, Greg Spencer, Larry Foster, and Kristi M. Willis.

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WHALES 101

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  1. WHALES 101 POWERPOINT created by Kristi M. Willis Photo Credits: Kenneth C. Balcolmb III, Ken Bohn/SEAWORLD, Carpenter family, Bob Cranston/Innerspace Visions, Paul Forestell, John Green, Dan McSweeney, Tony Martin, Planet Earth Pictures, Greg Spencer, Larry Foster, and Kristi M. Willis.

  2. SUH-TAY-SHUNS !!

  3. CETACEAN • From the Latin “cetus,” meaning a large sea animal • From the Greek “ketos,” meaning a sea monster • Taxonomic Order of marine mammals including whales, dolphins and porpoises

  4. Taxonomic Comparison • HUMAN BLUE WHALE • KINGDOM: Animalia Animalia • PHYLUM: Chordata Chordata • CLASS: Mammalia Mammalia • ORDER: Primates Cetacea • FAMILY: Hominidae Balaenopteridae • GENUS: Homo Balaenoptera • SPECIES: sapiens musculus

  5. * ~10 recognized species * ~70 recognized species Mysticeti vs. Odontoceti the baleen whales the toothed whales * 2 blowholes * 1 blowhole * females larger than males * males larger than females * baleen plates act as a sieve to strain organisms from the water * teeth are used to catch prey, but not for chewing * age determined by counting growth layers in waxy ear plug * age determined by counting growth layers in teeth * undertake lengthy migrations between distinct breeding and feeding grounds * make smaller seasonal movements (inshore-offshore)

  6. Basic Anatomy of a mysticete Rostrum 2 blowholes Dorsal fin Pectoral fin Throat pleats Baleen plates Caudal fin or “fluke”

  7. MYSTICETES Baleen plates hang from upper jaw only and vary in size, color and shape. Gray whales have creamy-colored baleen.

  8. Right whales have black baleen plates.

  9. Baleen is made of keratin – same protein as human hair and fingernails! This is a humpback’s open mouth.

  10. Crustaceans called “KRILL” are a major food source for many of the world’s mysticetes.

  11. Here’s a look at open blowholes…

  12. …and here’s what they look like closed.

  13. Migaloo: the world’s only known albino humpback whale

  14. Migaloo “breaches” and offers a rare look at his all-white body.

  15. Basic Anatomy of an odontocete Dorsal fin 1 blowhole Rostrum Teeth Pectoral fins Caudal fin or “fluke”

  16. ODONTOCETES Teeth come in all shapes and sizes, too. These are the conical shaped teeth of a killer whale.

  17. Here is the single open blowhole of a bottlenose dolphin.

  18. And let’s not forget the“Unicorn of the Sea” the arctic Narwhal

  19. Prominent beak and melon Longer, more sleek bodies More tapered pectoral fins Cone-shaped teeth No true beak and melon is streamlined Short, stocky bodies Blunt pectoral fins Spade-shaped teeth Dolphins vs. Porpoises …so what IS the difference, anyway?!

  20. Teeth are uniform throughout a cetacean’s mouth because they are not specialized for purposes of chewing. They are strictly for catching prey or tearing flesh. Food is swallowed whole. SpermWhale Bottlenose Dolphin Harbor Porpoise Stejneger’s Beaked Whale Baird’s Beaked Whale

  21. Whale Camp,Grand Manan Island

  22. Highest & Lowest Tidal Range

  23. Investigating local ecosytems The carnivorous “Pitcher Plant” in the bog

  24. One of the Bay of Fundy’s impressive inverts!

  25. Visiting a Puffin nesting colony

  26. Razorbills nest there, too.

  27. So do the Common Murres…

  28. …and Terns also.

  29. Watching a Harbor Porpoise dissection

  30. And let’s not forget the WHALES!

  31. Distinctive V-shaped blow of a Right Whale

  32. Flukes are entirely cartilagenous.

  33. North Atlantic Right Whales are critically endangered

  34. Mottled belly of a female suggests male suitors are courting beneath the surface.

  35. They are positively buoyant so they need to thrust their flukes out of the water in order to make a dive.

  36. San Ignacio Lagoon, Baja Mexico Winter breeding and calving grounds for the Gray Whale

  37. Mother and calf

  38. An encounter with the “Friendly Whale Syndrome” that’s me!

  39. “Valentina” was a favorite.

  40. Close-up of whale lice and barnacles on Gray Whale’s skin

  41. Collecting “treasures” on the beach

  42. Whale Camp www.whalecamp.com 1-888-54-WHALE San Ignacio Lagoon www.bajadiscovery.com 1-800-829-2252

  43. Kristi M. Willis7th Grade ScienceGreat Neck South Middle Schoolkwillis@greatneck.k12.ny.us

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