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P olitical Parties

DEMOCRACY &. P olitical Parties. Political Parties. 6.4 Political Party Basics. 6.4 Basics of Political Parties. WHAT ARE POLITICAL PARTIES? GOAL?. An organized group of individuals who seek to win elections in order to control government and shape public policy

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P olitical Parties

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  1. DEMOCRACY & Political Parties Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  2. Political Parties 6.4 Political Party Basics AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  3. 6.4 Basics of Political Parties WHAT ARE POLITICAL PARTIES? GOAL? • An organized group of individuals who seek to winelections in order to control government and shape public policy • Parties develop political “platforms”. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  4. 6.4 Constitution • Though Political parties are not mentioned in the Constitution… • Washington, Madison, and others warned against “the spirit of [political] parties” • The Framers believed something like today’s political parties were inevitable • … they are essential to the workings of modern government. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  5. 6.4 Importance • Political parties can promote democracy: • Help define and focus theissuesfor the voters • Gives some predictability to the candidates Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  6. 6.4 Importance • The minority party = watch dog • Criticize… offer alternative policies / solutions • Democrats = War in Iraq • Republicans = national debt and the size & scope of government. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  7. 6.4 Importance • In Congress, the party in power (majority) largely sets the agenda and thus shapes public policy. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  8. Political Parties 6.5 Development & Organization of U.S. Parties AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  9. When did political parties first develop? Early… Two opposing parties, the Federalists and the Jeffersonian-Republicansin election of 1800 Development of U.S. Political Parties Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  10. Development of U.S. Political Parties • Today’s Democratic party was organized under the leadership Andrew Jackson in the 1820’s • The Republicans ran their first presidential candidate, Abraham Lincoln, in 1860 Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  11. 6.5 Weakness of U.S. Parties • Weak – relative to their European counter parts & relative to their own power in the past • Rise of Independent voters – decline in voter loyalty to the party • Primary Elections - Do not control the nomination as they once did - Candidates don’t have to be loyal to the party • Relatively Strong • European Parties control who gets nominated – • Candidatesmust be loyal to the party US Europe Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  12. 6.5 Balance of Power • The Fight for Majority Control : • Presidency: (1932-2012) • D = 12 elections (7 Pres.) • R = 9 elections (5 Pres.) • Congress: • Democrats dominate (control both houses 1954-1994) • 1994 Republican Revolution – through 2006 • Resurgence principle Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  13. 6.5 Balance of Power • The Fight for Majority Control : • Jim Jeffords breaks from the Republican party (2001) • 2002 - brings power back to the Republicans • 2006 - Democrats win back both the House and Senate • 2008 - Democrats gain more seats in Congress & elect a president!! • 2010 - Republicans take back the House • 2012 – Republicans control House, Democrats the Senate • 2014 & 2016 - ?? Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  14. 6.5 Balance of Power 2004-2006 Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  15. 6.5 Balance of Power - 2006 • Post 2006 House • 202 R • 233 D • Post 2006 Senate: • 49 R • 51 D Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  16. 6.5 Balance of Power - 2008 Democrats Clean House (Politico) Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  17. 6.5 Balance of Power - 2010 • Pre 2010 • House Balance: • 255 D’s • 178 R’s • 2 vacancies • Senate Balance • 59 D’s • 41 R’s • Post 2010 • House Balance: • Senate Balance: Clerk of the House Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  18. Pre 2010 Midterms, House

  19. Post 2010 Midterms, House

  20. 6.5 Organization • RNC • Republican National Committee • RNC chair • DNC • Democratic National Committee • DNC chair Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  21. 6.5 Organization • Each party organizes a national convention. • Where? • Republicans 2012 - Tampa Florida • Democrats 2012 - Charlotte N.C. • Purpose? • “Delegates” formally select the parties presidential candidate • Develop the party platform Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  22. POLITICAL PARTIES 6. 6 THE TWO PARTY SYSTEM Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  23. 6.6 The Two-Party System • Party systems: • One Party • Two Party • Multiparty Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  24. Multiparty System - UK Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  25. House of Commons – Coalition Government AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  26. 6.6 The Two-Party System • Why does the U.S. have a two-party system? • U.S. has single-member districts& winner-take-allsystem • “First past the post” • Europe = Proportional System • Ross Perot won 19% of the popular vote in 1992, but won NO electoral votes. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  27. 6.6 The Two-Party System • Why two-party system cont. • Political & Legal barriers for third-party candidates: • Ballot access…..Wasted vote principle……Raising money • Two major parties are “institutionalized” • Brand Name ……. Raising money • No charismatic third party leaders or platforms AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  28. Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  29. ROLE OF 6.7 THIRD PARTIES Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  30. 6.7 Third Parties • Third Parties defined • What are the major types of Third Parties in U.S.? • Single issue ……Ideological …….Splinter • What effect do third parties have? • Who are some of the top third party leaders? Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  31. 6.7 Third Parties • Forces the two major parties to be more responsive • Potentially swing elections… • Teddy Roosevelt and the Bull Moose party (1912) • Ralph Nader and the Green party (2000) AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  32. Notable Third Party Candidates • Ralph Nader = Green • Ross Perot = Reform • Politics 1 • Is it time for a third party? AP U.S. Government & Politics Timpanogos High School

  33. Is it time to end the two party system? • Rise of the Independent Voter (non affiliated) • Split-ticket voting Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  34. 2008 Primaries • Jason Chaffetz unseated incumbent Chris Cannon in the 2008 Utah primaries Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  35. 2010 Primaries • Incumbent Bob Bennett was unseated by Mike Lee at the 2010 Utah Republican convention Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

  36. Resources • Primary Season (CNN) Government & Citizenship Timpanogos High School

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