Presentation Transcript

1. Emergency medical management

   Annual compulsory education Revised April 2013
2. Learning Objectives Increase your understanding of the Emergency Medical Aid Act Increase your understanding of the Alberta’s Occupational Health and Safety Act and the Worker’s Compensation Act Increase your understanding of the 4 steps to emergency scene management Increase your understanding of the procedures for chemical injuries to the skin and eyes Revised April 2013
3. Legal Requirements for Workplace First Aiders Alberta’s Emergency Medical Aid Act In Alberta our law is not called The Good Samaritan Law, it is the Emergency Medical Aid Act but it contains all of the same points Act in good faith and volunteer your help Tell the person you are a first aider Revised April 2013
4. Legal Requirements for Workplace First Aiders Get consent to give first aid first- implied if person does not respond Use reasonable skill and care according to your level and training Do not leave the person once your offer of help has been accepted Follow these principles and if there is no obvious neglect you should not be liable Revised April 2013
5. Alberta’s Occupational Health and Safety Act The Occupational Health and Safety Act is the umbrella legislation for all regulations for Alberta’s work sites Employers, workers and contractors are responsible to protect health and safety at work Revised April 2013
6. First Aid Regulation The regulation outlines the minimum standard in service and supplies according to the type of work, the number of workers present at the work site and the distance from a health care facility Employers must provide first aid services and maintain first aid equipment and supplies at the work site for their workers and a first aid room The BSF Manors are medium hazard, close work sites with varying numbers of staff depending upon the shift Revised April 2013
7. Workplace Injury Arrangements are in place for transportation of injured workers, or workers suffering from work related illness to the nearest health care facility Workers are required to report any injuries or work related illnesses. As work place first aiders, you are the employer’s designate to receive worker reports and provide first aid care Revised April 2013
8. Reporting Injuries As workplace first aiders, you are required to record work related injuries or illnesses that are reported to you The record must include: Employee’s name Date and time of illness/injury Date illness/injury reported Description of the illness/injury Where illness/injury occurred Cause of illness/injury First Aid provided Your name and level of training Revised April 2013
9. Reporting Injuries Remember to maintain confidentiality of all records pertaining to injured workers When requested, first aid reports must be provided to the Director of Medical Services at Workplace Health and Safety Revised April 2013
10. Chemical Hazards Regulation An employer shall obtain a supplier Material Safety Data Sheet for controlled products used The MSDS must be readily available to workers The MSDS contains information on first aid treatment and should be made available for rendering medical treatment Revised April 2013
11. Worker’s Compensation Act Workers who are injured at work are required to report the injury and submit a WCB claim First Aid records can be inspected by members of the Board, or any members or representatives of the Board by the injured worker or his/her representative Revised April 2013
12. Emergency Scene Management There are 4 steps to emergency scene management Scene survey Primary survey Secondary survey Ongoing care Revised April 2013
13. Scene Survey Take charge and take time to: 1. Check: Is the scene safe? Look for anything that may threaten your safety or the safety of others. Never risk your own or others safety. Leave dangerous situations to professionals 2. Check: What happened? Look for the cause of the emergency and injuries. For example, a fallen ladder or broken glass. Remember the greater the force the greater likeliness of life threatening injuries Revised April 2013
14. Scene Survey 3. Check: What are the injuries? How many are injured? Quickly scan the scene for the seriousness of the situation. Look for other casualties. Get others to help 4. Identify yourself as a Nurse and workplace first aider Obtain consent from a conscious casualty. An unconscious casualty has given implied consent. Assess for responsiveness. If head or spinal injuries are suspected, do not move. Instead provide manual support of the head and neck If there are hazards, obvious serious injuries or the casualty is unresponsive – Call 911 immediately (delegate if possible) Revised April 2013
15. Primary Survey Assess for life threatening conditions: ABC A = Airway. Check for a clear airway B = Breathing. Check for satisfactory breathing C = Circulation. Check for satisfactory circulation Call 911 at any point required during the primary survey Give life saving first aid as needed Complete a primary survey on each casualty first, giving life saving first aid only Revised April 2013
16. If Casualty is Responsive A - Check the airway - Ask “What happened” - If the casualty can talk, the airway is clear B - Check for breathing - “Are you having trouble breathing” - If breathing is absent or needs assisting: - Give 2 slow breaths and then check for carotid pulse - If present- start artificial respiration - If absent- start CPR C Check for and control severe bleeding Check for shock- is skin cold or clammy? Pulse rate? Check for signs of internal bleeding Revised April 2013
17. If Casualty is Unresponsive Revised April 2013 A Open airway – Use head/chin tilt Use a jaw thrust only if a spinal injury is suspected B Check for breathing – Keep airway open – Look, Listen, Feel If breathing is absent or needs assisting: Give 2 slow breaths and then check for carotid pulse If present- start artificial respiration If absent- start CPR C Check for and control severe bleeding Check for shock - is skin cold or clammy? Pulse rate? Check for signs of internal bleeding
18. Secondary Survey Only when you are certain that there are no life threatening conditions that need immediate attention do you complete a secondary survey Do not move the casualty to do this survey; most injured people will find the most comfortable positions themselves Revised April 2013
19. Secondary Survey Checking vital signs every 5 minutes Airway – Breathing – Pulse Level of consciousness Blood pressure and blood glucose testing if indicated Asking the casualty and/or bystanders: What happened- Do you have pain? Where? Do you have any allergies? Do you have any medical conditions? Are you on any medications? Completing a head to toe assessment looking for secondary injuries Document your findings and give additional first aid for the problem you find Revised April 2013
20. Ongoing Care Following immediate first aid, you must maintain the casualty in the best possible condition until medical help arrives Get others to help if possible Continue to monitor vital signs Do not assume the person is out of danger just because there were no serious problems initially Continue to support any head/spinal injuries Revised April 2013
21. Prevent/Treat for shock: Reassure the victim often Assist them into the best position for their injury Keep them as comfortable as possible Loosen tight clothing Cover if needed to preserve body heat Revised April 2013
22. Record Changes that occur in the persons condition Further treatment given Revised April 2013
23. Medical Help Do not leave until medical help takes over Give nothing by mouth Protect the persons belongings Report on the incident, the casualty’s condition and treatment given Revised April 2013
24. Wound Care for Chemical Injuries to the Skin and Eyes Chemical burns are not caused by heat but by direct chemical destruction of the tissues Irrigating the wound immediately after exposure will limit the extent of tissue destroyed Complete a scene survey If safe, remove the victim from the chemical, being careful not to get any of the chemical on yourself Complete a primary survey and give life saving first aid before dealing with the chemical injuries Avoid contact with the chemical Revised April 2013
25. Treatment of Skin Contact Wearing gloves, quickly flush the wound with copious amounts of cool water Do not apply the water too forcefully as this may damage skin even more Continue until medical help arrives or for at least 15 minutes for minor wounds For dry chemicals such as lime, brush off any particles first If the chemical is on the face, neck or shoulders, ask the victim to close his or her eyes prior to flushing or brushing the chemical away Revised April 2013
26. Treatment of Skin Contact Prevent contaminated water from running onto unaffected skin While flushing, remove jewelry, watches and clothing (including shoes and socks) that may have come into contact with the chemical Place in plastic bag Cover the wound very loosely with a dry, sterile dressing so that the dressing does not stick to the wound Do not apply medication to the wound Do not attempt to neutralize a chemical unless you know exactly what it is and what will neutralize it Further damage may be done by a neutralizing agent that is too strong or incorrect Revised April 2013
27. Treatment of Eye Contact Wearing gloves quickly flush the eyes with large amounts of clean, cool water Hold the victim’s head in a position that the water flows from the bridge of the nose (inside to the outside of the eye) Do not allow the water to fall directly on the eye but to flow over the eye If the victim is unable to open eyes due to intense pain, you may be required to hold them open Revised April 2013
28. Treatment of Eye Contact Continue until medical help arrives or for at least 15 minutes for minor splashes After thorough irrigation, loosely cover both eyes with a clean dressing to minimize eye movement thus preventing further damage Never use any chemical antidotes such as baking soda and do not try to neutralize chemical agents. If the chemical is a controlled product, have the MSDS sheet available for the medical personnel or if you are unsure call the Poison Control Center at 403-270-1414 Revised April 2013