Bell Work

1. Bell Work GCCTTA What would be the DNA compliment of the section of DNA above? a. CGGAAT b. CGGUUT c. ATTCCG d. TAAGGC

2. 2-2-12 Bell Work 1. RNA pairs (U) uracil to (T) thymine. In the sequence below, what would the matching strand be? CGATT GCTAA GCTUU TACGG

3. Bell Work 2-3-12 • RNA is the same as DNA in that it ___. a. Contains nucleotides b. Contains Uracil c. Is a single strand d. Contains ribose sugar

4. 2-9-12 Bell Work List the differences between a mitosis and meiosis. Describe the differences between DNA replication and protein synthesis.

5. Voice Thread • Define it • Illustrate it • Explain it • Why is it important to the cell • TAG AS: putnam, CHS, biology, cell, DNA, RNA, Your topic

6. 1. Movement of molecules from high to low concentration • A. osmosis • B. diffusion • C. active transport

7. 2. Movement of water molecules from high to low concentration • A. osmosis • B. diffusion • C. active transport

8. 3. Movement of molecules that requires energy to be added to the system? • A. osmosis • B. diffusion • C. active transport

9. 4. The active transport process that brings things INTO the cell • A. osmosis • B. endocytosis • C. exocytosis

10. 5. Did you like the activity and what did you learn from it? • Would you like to do an activity like this again?

11. Question 1. Which of the following is NOT true about DNA replication? It occurs during interphase The new DNA is identical to the original DNA It is semi-conservative The sequence of the nucleotides is changed

12. Question 2. DNA contains genetic information on its ___. Hydrogen bonds Deoxyribose sugar Nucleotide sequence Phosphate bonds

13. Question 3. Which of the following is true about the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? Chromosomes and proteins make up genes and genes make up DNA Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein. Genes are sections of DNA on a chromosome Genes and proteins make up DNA. The sequence of genes and proteins make up a chromosome. Proteins make up chromosomes and DNA. DNA and chromosomes make up genes.

14. Notes: Cellular Transport • Diffusion • Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • Passive Transport • It does not require energy • Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide use diffusion • Not all molecules can enter and leave by diffuison • Once equilibrium is reached they stop

15. Notes: Cellular Transport Concentration Gradient • The name of the difference that exist when there is a difference in concentration in two areas Equilibrium • When the concentration on both sides of the cell membrane are equal

16. Draw Concentration Gradient

17. Notes: Facilitated Diffusion • Transport Proteins • Allow some of the ions, sugars, and amino acids to pass through from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration • Many different types • Each selective for a specific molecule • Form of PASSIVE TRANSPORT

18. Questions Why is diffusion a type of passive transport? • A. It moves materials across a cell membrane • B. It does not require any of the cell’s energy • C. It does not need activation by an enzyme • D. It continues until equilibrium is reached

19. Questions During diffusion, molecules move _____. • A. from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration • B. from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration • C. across a cell membrane with the use of cellular energy • D. against a concentration gradient

20. Notes: Osmosis • Osmosis • Passive transport • Moves molecules down a concentration gradient • 2 Facts • Always a movement of water molecules • Moves water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane through which the solute (dissolved particles) cannot cross

21. Notes: Osmosis • Osmosis • Solute particles are too large to pass through the selectively permeable membrane • Like oil and water’s inability to mix, particles that are water soluble cannot pass through the middle of the membrane • To bring about equilibrium, either facilitated diffusion or osmosis must take place

22. Notes: Isotonic Solution • Isotonic • The solution on the outside of the membrane has the same concentration as the solution on the inside of the membrane • No net movement of water molecules across the membrane

23. Notes: Hypertonic Solution • Hypertonic • The solution outside the membrane contains less water and more solute than the solution inside the membrane • water rushes out of the cell • Cell shrivels up • Example: salt on a slug

24. Notes: Hypotonic Solution • Hypotonic • Solution on the outside of the cell membrane has a greater concentration of molecules than the solution inside the cell • More water on the outside • Ex. Wilted vegetable (celery) • Water rushes in an the cells swell

25. Notes: Active Transport • Active Transport • Used to move molecules against a concentration gradient • Requires Energy • 3 Types of Transport Proteins help move substances in and out of the cell • channel proteins • carrier proteins • gate proteins

26. Notes: Transport Proteins • Often the protein has a certain shape that allows it to stick to a molecule with a matching shape • Uses chemical energy to move against the gradient

27. Notes: Endocytosis • Endocytosis • A way of allowing particles that are too big to cross the cell member to enter • Particle is enclosed with material from the cell, then pulled into the cell • In = En • Into the cell = ENDOcytosis

28. Notes: Exocytosis • Exocytosis • Used to get rid of large particles • Undigested food, waste products or hormones • Material is enclosed in a vesicle • Vesicle meets the cell membrane, breaks open, then fuses with the membrane • Particles are released to the outside of the cell Exit the cell = EXocytosis