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Psychological Aspects of Physical Disorders

Psychological Aspects of Physical Disorders. DSM-IV and Physical Disorders Coded on Axis III Recognize that psychological factors can affect medical conditions Psychological, Behavioral, and Social Factors Major contributors to medical illness and disease

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Psychological Aspects of Physical Disorders

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  1. Psychological Aspects of Physical Disorders DSM-IV and Physical Disorders Coded on Axis III Recognize that psychological factors can affect medical conditions Psychological, Behavioral, and Social Factors Major contributors to medical illness and disease Examples include STDs, cancer, cardiovascular diseases

  2. Psychological, Behavioral, and Social Aspects of Health Two Primary Paths Psychological factors can influence basic biological processes Behavior patterns may put people at risk for disease 50% of the Leading Causes of Death in the U.S. Are Linked to Behavior Patterns

  3. Stress Definition Behavioral and Physiological Response Key Role of Perception Effects

  4. General Adaptation Syndrome ALARM EXHAUSTION RESISTANCE

  5. Factors Affecting Response to Stress Interpretation of Stressors A Sense of Control Coping Skills Self-Efficacy Health and Wellness Behaviors Social Support Immune System Functioning

  6. Immune System Immune System Function Identifies and Kills Antigen Invaders Identifies and Kills Body’s Own Cells

  7. Stress and the Immune System Lowers Immune System Functioning Increases the Risk of Infection Effects are Often Rapid

  8. Psychological and Behavioral Factors HIV/AIDS Cancer Cardiovascular Problems Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Others

  9. Treatment and Outcome Available Treatments Biofeedback Relaxation Procedures Hypnosis Stress Management Others Prevention Lifestyle and behavior patterns Obstacles Denial Noncompliance

  10. Changing Behavior to Promote Health • Lifestyle practices – core of many health problems • Behavioral risk factors are also influenced by psychosocial factors • Prevention and intervention programs target behavioral risks

  11. Changing Behavior to Promote Health (continued) • Types of lifestyle behaviors • Injury and injury prevention • Repeated warnings are not enough • AIDS • Highly preventable by changing behaviors • China and smoking cessation programs • Diet, exercise, promotion of health and wellness • Stanford Three Community Study

  12. Self Control Behavioral Excesses Immediate Reinforcers vs Delayed Punishers Immediate Reinforcers vs Cummulatively Significant Punishers Immediate Reinforcers vs Delayed Reinforcers for Desired Behavior Behavioral Deficiencies Immediate Small Punishers vs Cummulatively Significant Reinforcers Immediate Small Punishers vs Immediate but Highly Improbable Major Punisher Immediate Small Punisher vs Delayed Major Punisher

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