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The End of Medieval Europe

The End of Medieval Europe. The Main Event(s). The Black Death (1347-1351) The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) The Great Schism (1378-1417) The Crusades (1095-1291). The Black Death. Lasted from 1347-1351

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The End of Medieval Europe

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  1. The End of Medieval Europe

  2. The Main Event(s) • The Black Death (1347-1351) • The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) • The Great Schism (1378-1417) • The Crusades (1095-1291)

  3. The Black Death • Lasted from 1347-1351 • Cause: Rats with fleas carrying the bubonic plague entered Europe from Asia on trading ships • Killed 25 Million people in Europe (1/3 of the population) • Bodies buried in mass graves

  4. Bubonic Plague • DON’T WRITE THIS DOWN • Symptoms: • Swollen lymph nodes • Chills • High Fever • Seizures • Kills in about 4 days

  5. The Blame Game • People came up with many “explanations” for why the plague occurred • 2 Main “Explanations” • Jews poisoned the wells • God was punishing sinful ways

  6. Results • The peoples’ faith in God was shaken • The church lost some of its power • Peasants lives improved • Created labor shortage • Workers could demand higher wages • Some peasants granted freedom in exchange for labor

  7. The Hundred Years War • Actually lasted 116 years (1337-1453) • Between England & France • Cause: The French king died with no heir to his throne. The King of England attempts to claim the French throne.

  8. What Happened? • Didn’t actually fight continuously for 100 years • Actually a series of conflicts between the 2 groups • Each king developed a standing army of foot soldiers • New weapons were created • English Longbow • Gunpowder & cannons (from Asia)

  9. Joan of Arc • Young French woman • Rallied French troops around the heir to the throne • Drove English out of Orleans • Eventually captured & burned at the steak

  10. The Results Are In . . . • Royal power in both countries strengthened • Both developed greater national pride • No real winner • France held its ground, but didn’t gain anything • England didn’t gain anything

  11. The Great Schism • Disputes between the Pope & Europe’s secular kings • Kings wanted to: • Appoint bishops, who controlled vast areas of land • Try priests in royal courts • Tax church lands • The Pope resisted

  12. The Cause • 1305 – French Pope elected & moves Papacy to Avignon, France • 1378 – Italian Pope elected & returns Papacy to Rome • French Cardinals claim the election was unfair, and elect a 2nd Pope who was French

  13. The Results • Schism (split) greatly weakened the church • 1409 – Church Council elects 3rd Pope • Makes things worse • 1417 – New Church Council • Deposes all 3 Popes • Elects new Pope (only 1) • Church’s prestige already greatly weakened

  14. Essential Question • What were the causes & effects of the end of Medieval Europe?

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