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SAFE WORK WITH ASBESTOS – EXAMPLE FROM SLOVENIA

SAFE WORK WITH ASBESTOS – EXAMPLE FROM SLOVENIA. PETRA VRECKO, MSc. Undersecretary Bucharest, 20 – 21 October 2005. WHAT IS ASBESTOS?. ASBESTOS means the following fibrous silicates: ACTINOLITE, CAS No. 77536-66-4 GUENERITE (AMOSITE), CAS No. 12172-73-5 ANTOPHYLLITE, CAS No. 77536-67-5

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SAFE WORK WITH ASBESTOS – EXAMPLE FROM SLOVENIA

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  1. SAFE WORK WITH ASBESTOS –EXAMPLE FROM SLOVENIA PETRA VRECKO, MSc. Undersecretary Bucharest, 20 – 21 October 2005

  2. WHAT IS ASBESTOS? ASBESTOSmeans the following fibrous silicates: ACTINOLITE, CAS No. 77536-66-4 GUENERITE (AMOSITE), CAS No. 12172-73-5 ANTOPHYLLITE, CAS No. 77536-67-5 CHRYSOTILE, CAS No. 12001-29-5 CROCIDOLITE, CAS No. 12001-28-4 TREMOLITE, CAS No. 77536-68-6

  3. DANGEROUS FIBRES LENGTH > 5µm BREADTH < 3 µm LENGTH/BREADTH RATIO > 3:1

  4. SERPENTINE CHRYSOTILE (White Asbestos) Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 AMPHIBOLE CROCIDOLITE (Blue Asbestos) AMOSITE (Brown Asbestos) ACTINOLITE ANTOPHYLLITE TREMOLITE A0or1B2C5T8O22(OH,F,Cl)2 A=K,Na; B=Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca; C=Al,Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg; T=Si,Al,Cr,Fe,Ti GROUPS OF ASBESTOS (STRUCTURE) ASBESTOS

  5. STRUCTURE OF ASBESTOS FIBRES CHRYSOTILE AMPHIBOLES

  6. Density < 1 g/cm3 and Asbestos > 5% Asbestos ceiling plaster (Sprayed asbestos) Pipes, insulated by asbestos FRIABLE ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS - MATERIALS WHICH CONTAIN LOW-DENSITY ASBESTOS

  7. Asbestos plates Asbestos rope Asbestos cardboard Asbestos gloves

  8. Density > 1,4g/cm3 and Asbestos <12% Asbestos cement water pipes Asbestos cement roof sheets NON-FRIABLE ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS– bound up with CEMENTASBESTOS CEMENT MATERIALS

  9. Facade sheets Bound up with Asphalt Vinyl floor tiles Bound up with Vinyl OTHER NON-FRIABLE ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

  10. Asbestos tesnilo??? Asbestos seal Asbestos brake linings OTHER NON-FRIABLE ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS IN COMMON USE

  11. ASBESTOSis known as a dangerous substance with FIBROGENE and CARCINOGENEPROPERTIES • EXPOSURE TO FREE ASBESTOS FIBRES CAN GIVE RISE TO: • ASBESTOSIS • MESOTHELIOMA • BRONCHIAL CARCINOMA • GASTRO-INTESTINAL CARCINOMA NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF ASBESTOS FIBRES ON HUMAN HEALTH

  12. 1946 →670.000 t imported (white asbestos) 1960 – 1970 maximum production 23.000 potentially exposed workers 1411 verificated OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES (1.1.1998 – 31.12.2003) MAXIMUM No. EXPECTED IN 2020 SLOVENE RESEARCH

  13. 1411 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 1998 → 1 DIAGNOSIS 982 2 DIAGNOSISES 375 3 DIAGNOSISES 52 4 DIAGNOSISES 2 DIAGNOSIS No. ASBESTOSIS 398 PLEURAL PLAQUE 1426 MESOTHELIOMA 25 BRONCHIAL CARCINOMA 25 GASTRO-INTESTINAL CARCINOMA 4 SLOVENE RESEARCH

  14. Extraction Production Exp. workers Application Removal Waste disposal Danger for everyone Exp. population WHOLE LIFE CYCLE SHOULD BE CONTROLLED LIFE CYCLE OF ASBESTOS

  15. HOW TO COVER THE WHOLE LIFE CYCLE? ACTS, DECREES, RULES AND REGULATIONS on • prohibition and restriction on production, trade in and use • determination of occupational diseases, arising from exposure to asbestos • protection of workers from the risk related to the exposure to asbestos at work • the conditions for the disposal of materials containing asbestos • management of waste containing asbestos • emission of asbestos into the atmosphere and in the discharge of waste water

  16. EU LEGAL BASIS • Council Directive83/477/EECon the protection of the workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work, amended by • Council Directive 91/382/EEC • Council Directive 98/24/EC • Directive 2003/18/EC of the EU Parliament and ofthe Council

  17. EU LEGISLATION • THE AIM: protection of the workers against risks to their health, including the prevention of such risks, arising or likely to arise from exposure to asbestos at work. • OBJECTIVES: lay down minimum requirements as well as limit values and set up clear principles, measures and ways to ensure enforcement • SCOPE: covers all workers in both public and private sectors • Structured around the concept on setting some bans and restrictions as well as around the concept of prevention of risks • Based on balanced obligations for employers and employees

  18. BANS AND RESTRICTIONS • the exposure of the workers to asbestos fibres, with the exception of the treatment and disposal of products resulting from demolition and asbestos removal • the application of asbestos by means of spraying process and working procedures that involve using low density asbestos • to assign young workers, pregnant and breast-feeding women to work on activities, where they may be exposed to asbestos • the exposure higher than 8 hours per day/40 hours per week • to subcontract for work at home the activities, where the workers may be exposed to dust arising from asbestos

  19. PREVENTION • A step by step approach: • Avoiding risks and evaluating risks that cannot be avoided • Eliminating or reducing risk factors • Adapting the work to the individual • A key document: the risk assessment • Development of a regularly updated prevention policy • Information on the risks and training of workers • Health surveillance at regular intervals * Prevention is defined in Article 3(d) to the Directive 89/391/EC: “all the steps or measures taken or planned at all stages of work in the undertaking to prevent or reduce occupational risks”

  20. ENHANCED DIALOGUE • Designation of a worker’s representative for health and safety at work • Consultation of workers by the employer in good time on all questions relating to health and safety • Adequate information concerning: • The potential risks to health from exposure to asbestos dust • Limit values • Hygiene requirements, including the need to refrain from smoking • The precautions to be taken as regards the wearing and use of PPE and clothing • Special precautions designed to minimize exposure to asbestos

  21. OBLIGATIONS OF AN EMPLOYER 1 • EMPLOYERSmust ensure safety and health of workers in every aspect related to the work • Submit theNOTIFICATIONto the responsible authority (15 days) before the work commences • Asses all theRISKS to the health and safety in the undertaking • REDUCE THE EXPOSUREof workers in particular through following measures: number of workers, design of the work process, cleaning, appropriate storage and transport and waste management • Carry outMEASUREMENTSof asbestos fibres • Respect theLIMIT VALUEof airborne asbestos

  22. OBLIGATIONS OF AN EMPLOYER 2 • Take the appropriateMEASURES in order to prevent injuries or accidents at no cost for workers (work places, working and protective clothing, storage devices, adequate washing and toilet facilities, working equipment) • Provide appropriateINFORMATION AND TRAINING • Ensure HEALTH SURVELIANCE for each worker prior ti the beginning of exposure and after that each 3 years, where the medical records shall be kept at lest 40 years. • Manage the REGISTER, indicating the nature and the duration of the exposure for each worker (shall be kept for at least 40 years)

  23. OBLIGATIONS OF A WORKER • WORKERS must take care of their own health and safety, and health of people who may be affected by their acts or missions • Correct use of tools and equipment as well as PPE supplied to them • Follow the instructions given by the employer • Report on any situation at work which constitutes an irregularity or a serious and immediate danger • Cooperate to protect the safety and health of other workers within their fields of activities

  24. OBLIGATIONS OF MSs • Member states shall keep A REGISTER OF RECOGNISED CASES OF ASBESTOSIS AND MESOTHELIOMA • Member states shall help anyone dealing with asbestos with different kinds of PRACTICAL GUIDELINES!!!

  25. CONSCLUSION TRANSPOSITION The transposing legislation needs • to clearly reflect the scope of directives • to support awareness and enforcement in Small and Medium Enterprises • to ensure efficient control by the Labour Inspection IMPLEMENTATION The successful application of the OSH directives relies on themotivation of key actors and their awareness

  26. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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