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portavin integrated wine services. A Bottling Perspective on Taints and Contributors to Variation. portavin integrated wine services Definitions. Wine Taints & Variability
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portavinintegrated wine services A Bottling Perspective on Taints and Contributors to Variation
portavinintegrated wine servicesDefinitions Wine Taints & Variability • Differences or changes in the chemical structure of a wine when compared to a reference, and detected by sensory and laboratory analysis. Contributing Factors • Factors that may contribute to chemical change within a wine sample.
portavinintegrated wine servicesOverview Contributing Factors • Primary Packaging • Bottling Line • Rate of Bottling • Wine Preparation • Storage
portavinintegrated wine servicesPrimary Packaging • Contamination of primary packaging can strongly influence the development of taints – direct contact. • An approach of risk minimisation can be implemented.
portavinintegrated wine servicesPrimary Packaging Glass • Contamination – microbiological, particulate, moisture. • Existence can contribute to taints. • Primary causes – compromised packaging, production and storage environment, re-use of open pallets. • Risk reduction – rinsing and inversion, reject non conforming goods, suitable storage conditions.
integrated wine servicesPrimary Packaging Glass - continued • Quality – adherence to specification – shape. • Influences integrity of seal between glass and machine – exposure to differing conditions. • Reject non conforming stock, wine handling procedures.
portavinintegrated wine servicesPrimary Packaging Closures • Cork – natural product, some level of taint and variation may result. • Screw Caps – contamination in production and storage is possible. • Quality – ability to reduce rate of O2 diffusion and adherence to specification.
portavinintegrated wine servicesBottling Line Materials • potential for taint development through interaction with the product - bottling components & chemical inputs. • Risk Reduction – QA systems. Rinsing Systems • Water Quality – microbiological & chemical contamination. • Risk Reduction – water treatment systems and hygiene practices.
portavinintegrated wine servicesBottling Line Filling Systems • Hygiene & sanitation – control of microbiological and chemical contaminants. • Mechanical and Manufacturing – correct operation & residual contaminants. • Risk Reduction – effective cleaning & maintenance programs, monitoring, training programs.
portavinintegrated wine servicesBottling Line Gas Injection • Quality – possible contribution to taint. • Hygiene – contaminated gas tubes. • Correct operation – function and seal integrity. • Risk Reduction – gas filtration, cleaning regimes (CIP), monitoring systems.
portavinintegrated wine servicesBottling Line Closure Systems • Vacuum & Gas Injection – microbial and residue contamination, operation. • Risk Reduction – cleaning procedures (CIP), monitoring.
portavinintegrated wine servicesRate of Bottling Two Main Effects: • Governs time of exposure to factors influencing taint production. • Governs length of time product is exposed to variable conditions. • Changes in the rate of bottling have the potential to contribute to chemical differences in wine throughout a batch.
portavinintegrated wine servicesRate of Bottling - Factors Dry Goods • Glass – seal between glass and machine, breakage, labelling. • Corks – dust generation – assisted by vac corking. • Screw Caps – damaged or out of specification. • Caps, labels, cartons – out of specification – accumulation reduces impact. • Bottling Line – breakdowns.
portavinintegrated wine servicesRate of Bottling - Factors Filtration • Wine clarity (turbidity) to suit filtration grade. Blockage may contribute to – • Exposure of wine to different conditions – eg pressure. • Force through – differing chemical composition. • Stoppages.
portavinintegrated wine servicesWine Handling & Preparation Wine • Pre-bottling additions – uneven distribution of additive. • Ullage cover – gas covered headspace – dissolved O2 variation. • Risk Reduction – mixing, follow up analysis, sampling practices.
portavinintegrated wine servicesStorage Storage Conditions • Maintain temperatures to specification – rates of thermal gain and loss – possible contribution to taint.
portavinintegrated wine services • Static & Mobile Bottling Services • Wine Warehousing and Distribution • Bulk Wine Storage and Handling • Laboratory Services • Dry Good Supply