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Earthquake Destruction and Dangers

Earthquake Destruction and Dangers. http://embc.gov.bc.ca/em/hazard_preparedness/earthquake_photos.html. Major causes of earthquake damage. Landslides and liquefaction Aftershocks Tsunamis. Landslides. Movement of material down a slope, especially… on steep slopes

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Earthquake Destruction and Dangers

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  1. Earthquake Destructionand Dangers http://embc.gov.bc.ca/em/hazard_preparedness/earthquake_photos.html

  2. Major causes of earthquake damage • Landslides and liquefaction • Aftershocks • Tsunamis

  3. Landslides • Movement of material down a slope, especially… • on steep slopes • when saturated land is shaken violently

  4. Liquefaction animation Liquefaction • Loosely packed soil turns into mud. • Most likely to occur in soil saturated with water.

  5. Aftershocks • Smaller earthquakes that occur after a larger earthquake in the same area • They can occur hours, days, or months later • Buildings already weakened by the original earthquake can topple during aftershocks

  6. Tsunami • A wave set off by an underwater earthquake • Earthquake jolts the ocean floor; pushes water out of the way • Displaced water forms large waves (tsunamis) • In the open ocean, height of wave is not significant • As the wave gets closer to land, water gets more shallow, pushes up into a tall wall ≈100 ft YouTube: Tsunami Animation YouTube: CBS News Asian Tsunami

  7. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/03/pictures/110315-nuclear-reactor-japan-tsunami-earthquake-world-photos-meltdown/#/japan-earthquake-tsunami-nuclear-unforgettable-pictures-wave_33291_600x450.jpghttp://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/03/pictures/110315-nuclear-reactor-japan-tsunami-earthquake-world-photos-meltdown/#/japan-earthquake-tsunami-nuclear-unforgettable-pictures-wave_33291_600x450.jpg

  8. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1366395/Japan-tsunami-earthquake-Rescuers-pick-way-apocalypse-wasteland.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1366395/Japan-tsunami-earthquake-Rescuers-pick-way-apocalypse-wasteland.html

  9. How do we prepare? • Base-isolated buildings • Buildings rest on shock absorbing springs that allow the building to move without violently shaking

  10. Protecting Structures

  11. How do we prepare? • Base-isolated buildings • Buildings rest on shock absorbing springs that allow the building to move without violently shaking • Warning systems • Monitoring faults and waves

  12. Instruments for monitoring faults Faults & Earthquakes • Creep meter • measures HORIZONTAL movement along a fault line through movement of a wire across the fault • Tiltmeter • measures VERTICAL movement, works like a carpenter’s level • Satellites • Measure VERTICAL changes in the distance between the satellite and ground

  13. Fault monitoring instruments Creep meter Tiltmeter

  14. Instruments for monitoring tsunamis • Tsunami detection buoys • 39 stations collect seafloor height, temperature, pressure • Warning centers • If a tsunami is generated, they issue advisories, watches and warnings

  15. Summary! • Write your summary sentences

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