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Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) mda.state.md

Case Studies in Plant Health – Emerald Ash Borer (EAB). Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) http://www.mda.state.md.us. Carol Holko, Program Manager Plant Protection and Weed Management. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project. A STATE PERSPECTIVE

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Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) mda.state.md

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  1. Case Studies in Plant Health – Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA)http://www.mda.state.md.us Carol Holko, Program Manager Plant Protection and Weed Management

  2. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project • A STATE PERSPECTIVE • State is often the first and primary responder • Funding provided by USDA, state may match • Needs: • Resources • Planning • Partnerships • Coordination • Communication • Collaboration • Outreach • Execution Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  3. Spring, early Summer Summer Fall, Winter Spring

  4. Emerald Ash BorerAgrilus planipennis Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  5. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project • BECAUSE OF EAB, MORE THAN 25 MILLION ASH TREES HAVE DIED IN MIDWEST. • USDA estimates that at the national level, if the Emerald Ash Borer went unchecked in the lower 48 states, the undiscounted loss could range from $20 - $60 billion dollars. • Many consider it far more serious than gypsy moth, and perhaps equal to the chestnut blight. • Ash wood is used for all traditional applications of hardwood from flooring and cabinets to baseball bats. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  6. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project ASH VALUE IN MARYLAND • The greenhouse and nursery industry is the second largest agricultural industry in Maryland. It accounts for $303.8 million in cash receipts. (Maryland Agricultural Statistics Service, Farm Receipts in 2002) • Ash trees are one of the most common landscaping trees used in the U.S. and are common in western Maryland forests. • Ash is the most common tree in Baltimore - 293,000 trees, 10.4% of trees total population. Ash accounts for 5,982,000 - 6,591,000 trees in the Baltimore metro area. USDA has estimated losses could exceed $227,568,000 in the Baltimore area alone. • Riparian buffers Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  7. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  8. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE: • June 2002 • Discovered in Michigan • 2002 • First Michigan quarantine issued • April 2003 • Illegally shipped from Michigan to Maryland on nursery stock Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  9. MARYLAND TIMELINE: • April 2003 • Illegally shipped from Michigan to Maryland on nursery stock • August 2003 • Discovered by MDA nursery Inspector in southern Prince George’s County nursery • October 2003 • Federal quarantine issued (Michigan) • September 2003 – March 2004 • Maryland eradication of 1,100 ash trees on 500 acres • March 2004 • Maryland Quarantine Order enacted Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  10. 128 acres of forest impacted

  11. DC VA

  12. MARYLAND TIMELINE: • April 2003 • Illegally shipped from Michigan to Maryland on nursery stock • August 2003 • Discovered by MDA nursery Inspector in southern Prince George’s County nursery • October 2003 • Federal quarantine issued (Michigan) • September 2003 – March 2004 • Maryland eradication of 1,100 ash trees on 500 acres • March 2004 • Maryland Quarantine Order enacted • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  14. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… • August 21, 2006 • Emerald ash borer is rediscovered on sentinel trees Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  15. Symptoms of EAB • Increased woodpecker activity. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  18. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… • August 21, 2006 • Emerald ash borer is rediscovered on sentinel trees • August 24, 2006 • Maryland Quarantine Order revised (updated again in 2007 & 2008) Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  22. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… • August 21, 2006 • Emerald ash borer is rediscovered on sentinel trees • August 24, 2006 • Maryland Quarantine Order revised (updated again in 2007 & 2008) • September, 2006 • Incident Command System enacted • http://www.mda.state.md.us/plants-pests/forest_plan/title.html Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  23. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  24. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… • August 21, 2006 • Emerald ash borer is rediscovered on sentinel trees • August 24, 2006 • Maryland Quarantine Order revised • September, 2006 • Incident Command System enacted • http://www.mda.state.md.us/plants-pests/forest_plan/title.html • June 1, 2007 • Prince George’s County Maryland added to the Federal Quarantine Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  25. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2004 – 2006 • Surveillance… • August 21, 2006 • Emerald ash borer is rediscovered on sentinel trees • August 24, 2006 • Maryland Quarantine Order revised (updated again in 2007) • September, 2006 • Incident Command System enacted • http://www.mda.state.md.us/plants-pests/forest_plan/title.html • June 1, 2007 • Prince George’s County Maryland added to the federal Quarantine • December 28, 2006 - • Eradication … Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  26. Eradication Protocol: • Eradication Zone • 1 ½ mile buffer around known infested trees • Count, mark, and cut all ash trees before Spring emergence • Marshalling yard • All cut wood ground to <1” in two dimensions • Delimiting survey • 1 ½ - 2 mile buffer • sample 10% of all ash in 2 ½ acre grid Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  31. Bredon Court 10/05/06 Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  33. Summit Creek 10/23/06 Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  36. Maryland Department of Natural Resources Forest Service to the Rescue! • volume survey of ash trees in wooded compartments • Coordination of logging operations Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  38. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  39. Marshalling Yard Cheltenham, MD Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  40. Volunteers from Delaware, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia Agriculture and Forestry Nearly 50 Volunteers totaling more than 2000 person-hours! Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  41. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  42. Replacement Tree Program made possible through the generous donations of several Maryland nurseries Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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  46. Maryland Emerald Ash Borer Eradication Project MARYLAND TIMELINE (cont.): • 2007 and on… • Eradication follow-up • 2008 • June 25, one EAB caught on purple prism trap • August 16, EAB discovered in Charles County To date more than 42,000 ash trees removed on nearly 17,000 acres Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

  47. RESPONSE GUIDELINES for eradication: • Outlier must be a single, clearly identifiable regulatory incident. • Dendrochronology and delimiting survey demonstrate the population is less than 2 years old with 1 population release. • With current technologies, site is determined to be eradicatable. • Control cuts for EAB populations older than 2 years may be considered if circumstances indicate eradication may be achieved or a control action is determined to be strategically important for slowing the spread. Case Studies in Plant Health - Emerald Ash Borer

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