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Antibacterials

Antibacterials. Examples of bacterial infections. Tetanus TB Cholera Typhoid Syphilis Gonorrhea. Antibacterials. Sometimes called antibiotics Inhibit growth or kill micro- organisms that cause infectious disease Selective Bacteria or viruses

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Antibacterials

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  1. Antibacterials

  2. Examples of bacterialinfections • Tetanus • TB • Cholera • Typhoid • Syphilis • Gonorrhea

  3. Antibacterials • Sometimescalledantibiotics • Inhibitgrowthorkill micro-organismsthat cause infectiousdisease • Selective • Bacteria orviruses • Bacteria can multiplyfasterthan can be neutralisedbybody’sdefences • Bacteriostaticdrugsprevent bacteria multiplying • Bacteriocidaldrugskill

  4. Examples of Viral Infections • Influenza • TheCommonCold • Hepatitis • Measles • AIDS

  5. Penicilin • Serindipitousdiscovery • Readaboutiton page 422

  6. Penicillinstructure • Determinedby X-RayCrystallography • DifferenttypesegPenicillin G, Penicillin V

  7. BroadSpectrumAntibiotics • Effectiveagainstwidevariety of bacteria • Amicillin • Tetracyclines (4 ring structures) • Can wipeoutharmlessorhelpful bacteria in egalimentary canal • These can be replacedbyharmfulstrains

  8. Narrow SpectrumAntibiotics • Mostpenicillins • Sulfadrugs

  9. HowPenicillin Works • Interferswithcross link formation of cellwall in bacteria • Cellsburst • Bacteriocidal • Therforecells of animalsnotaffected • Seediagram, page 423

  10. Effects of overprescription • Allergicreactions (10%), rash, fever • Wipeoutharmless bacteria • Geneticresistance(Typhoid, TB) by natural selectionormutation • Patientcomplianceimportant

  11. Use in Animal Feedstock • Supplementsfor control of animal disease • Againdrug-resistantstrains can survive and spread • EgE.Coli • Humans vulnerable

  12. Questions • Page 435 Q 13

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