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America Moves Toward War. Big Questions. As we discuss the steps the United States took to help its allies before going to war, think about the following:
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Big Questions • As we discuss the steps the United States took to help its allies before going to war, think about the following: • Did the United States abandon its neutrality too late? Should the United States have done more to help its allies in the early stages of the war, or did FDR make the right decisions?
The United States Musters Its Forces • Neutrality Acts • “cash and carry” • Peacetime Draft • Third Term • Too little to late?
The Axis Powers • Axis Powers • Tripartite Pact • This alliance was formed to discourage the United States from entering the war; if US attacked any of them, the rest would come to help
The Great Arsenal of Democracy • What happens if Great Britain Falls? • Lend-lease agreement – US would lend war material to any country whose defense was important to protecting the US – Great Britain, Soviet Union, and eventually China
Hitler Invades the Soviet Union • In June 1941, Hitler broke his non-aggression pact with Soviet Union and invaded it • Soon Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin will all be allies – Allied Powers
Churchill + FDR • Atlantic Charter • No territorial expansion • No territorial changes without consent of inhabitants • Respect the right of people to choose their own form of gov. • Promote free trade among nations • Encourage international cooperation to improve peoples lives • Build a secure peace based on freedom from want and fear • Work for the disarmament of aggressors • Establish a permanent system of general security
Japanese Ambitions in the Pacific Ocean • Japanese started by invading China (Manchuria) European colonies in Aisa • US in way • US cuts of trade esp. oil • If Japan couldn’t re-establish the flow of oil to its country, then they would lose the war without ever being defeated in battle
War Is Coming… • Hideki Tojo promised to Japanese emperor that Japan would avoid war with United States if possible • November 5, 1941 – Tojo orders Japanese navy to prepare for an attack on the United States • US broke Japanese codes and was reading their messages • December 6, 1941 – US intercepts message to Japanese peace envoy to reject all American peace proposals • FDR – “This means war.”