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The Renaissance. 1485-1625 Mrs. Cumberland. Break it Up. 1558-1602: The Elizabethan 1603-1625: Jacobean 1625-1649: Caroline Age 1649-1669: Commonwealth Period. The Reign of:. The reign of Elizabeth I: 1586-1603 The reign of James I: 1603-1625. Rebirth: interest in Greek/Latin classics.
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The Renaissance 1485-1625 Mrs. Cumberland
Break it Up • 1558-1602: The Elizabethan • 1603-1625: Jacobean • 1625-1649: Caroline Age • 1649-1669: Commonwealth Period
The Reign of: • The reign of Elizabeth I: 1586-1603 • The reign of James I: 1603-1625
Rulers • Tudor England (1500-1557) • Henry VII- acceded to throne in 1485
The Rulers • Henry VIII: acceded to throne in 1509 • Edward VI: acceded to throne in 1547 • Mary I: acceded to throne in 1553-57
Content • World view shifts from religion and afterlife to one stressing the human life on earth • Popular theme: development of human potential • Refinement of the language: • National • Vernacular literature • Unrequited love: • Constant, timeless, courtly
Style/ Genre • Poetry • Sonnet • Metaphysical poetry • Elaborate and unexpected metaphors called conceits
Drama: • Written in verse • Supported by royalty • Tragedies, Comedies, Histories
Effect • Commoners welcomed at some productions while conservatives try to close the theaters on grounds that they promote brazen behaviors • Not all middle-class embrace the metaphysical poets and their abstract conceits
Shakespeare Thomas Wyatt Ben Jonson Cavalier Poets Metaphysical Poets John Donne Christopher Marlowe Andrew Marvell Robert Herrick Katherine Phillips Key Authors
Historical Context • War of the Roses ends in1485 and political stability arrives • Printing press helps stabilize English as a language • Economy changes from farm-based to one of international trade
1485: Henry VII becomes the first Tudor king 1500 Everyman first performed 1516 Thomas More publishes Utopia 1492 Columbus lands in Western Hemisphere 1497 Africa: Vasco da Gama rounds Cape of Good Hope 1503 Italy: Leonardo da Vinci paints Mona Lisa 1509: Michelangelo paints ceiling of the Sistine Chapel 1513: Ponce de Leon explores Florida British Events/ World Events
Cape of Good Hope Mona Lisa Ponce de Leon Michelangelo’s painting
1534 Henry VII issues Act of Supremacy 1534: Church of England established 1535: Thomas More executed 1549: The Book of Common Prayer issued 1521: Italy: Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther 1530: Poland: Copernicus completes treatise on astronomy 1532: Peru: Pizarro conquers Incas British Events/ World Events
Copernicus Thomas More Pizarro Church of England
1558: Elizabeth I becomes queen 1563: More than 20,000 Londoners die in plague 1564: Shakespeare is born 1556: India: Akbar the Great comes to power 1567: South America: 2 million Indians die of typhoid 1567: Brail: Rio de Janeiro founded by Portuguese British Events/ World Events
Akbar the Great Bubonic Plague Rio de Janeiro Shakespeare
1576: Francis Drake return from circumnavigating the globe 1588: English navy defeats Spanish Armada 1590: Edmund Spenser publishes The Faerie Queene, Part I 1594: Shakespeare writes Romeo and Juliet 1599: Globe theatre opens 1580: France: Montaigne’s Essays published 1582: Italy: pope Gregory XIII introduces new calendar 1595: South America: Sir Walter Raleigh explores Orinoco River British Events/ World Events
The Globe Theatre Francis Drake Sir Walter Raleigh Edmund Spenser
1600: East India Company founded 1603: Elizabeth I dies; James I becomes king 1606: Guy Fawkes executed for gun powder plot 1606: Royal debt amounts to more than £600,000 1605: Spain: Cervantes publishes Part I of don Quixote 1607: North America: British colony established at Jamestown 1609: Italy: Galileo builds first telescope 1609: North America: French colony of Quebec established British Events/ World Events
James I Guy Fawkes Galileo Cervantes
1611: King James Bible published 1625: James I dies 1618: Germany: Kepler proposes laws of planetary motion 1618: Europe: Beginning of the Thirty Years’ War 1620: North America pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock British Events/ World Events