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Perception and Motor Learning

Perception and Motor Learning. Dr. Emily H. Wughalter. Sean White in February 2010 Olympics. http://www.nbcolympics.com/video/assetid=d924411a-bea6-4fd8-b485-f58dc5238dfe.html. A model of information processing. Stimulus Identification. Response Selection. Response Programming. Input.

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Perception and Motor Learning

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  1. Perception and Motor Learning Dr. Emily H. Wughalter

  2. Sean White in February 2010 Olympics http://www.nbcolympics.com/video/assetid=d924411a-bea6-4fd8-b485-f58dc5238dfe.html

  3. A model of information processing Stimulus Identification Response Selection Response Programming Input Output

  4. Reaction Time • Reaction time is the measure of input and central processes or until the beginnings of overt movement • Types of Reaction Time Defined • Simple Reaction Time • Choice Reaction Time • Discrimination Reaction Time

  5. Two factors affecting stimulus identification are: Stimulus Clarity – Sharpness, Focus Stimulus Clarity - Focus Stimulus Intensity - Brightness, Loudness Stimulus Intensity - Brightness, Loudness Peripheral Vision

  6. Inverted U-Hypothesis High Performance Low Low High Arousal

  7. What affects the inverted U-Hypothesis? • Inter and intra-individual differences • Meaningfulness • Complexity • Variation • Uncertainty • Intensity

  8. Perception is responsible for: • Detection • Comparison • Recognition

  9. Information Comparison • Information comparison is measured in a paradigm where two intensities from the same source are present for a time period long enough to detect the information • Just Noticeable Difference (JND) means the least amount of difference required to report the difference in stimuli and be correct at least 50 percent of the time.

  10. Absolute Judgment • Absolute judgment is the extent to which a participant is capable of matching a stimulus in the environment to one already stored in memory.

  11. Perceptual ProcessLimitations • Space: 7+2 items • Time: 20 - 60 seconds

  12. How is detection of information explained in motor behavior? • Low activation system information is lost • High activation system too much noise and information is lost • Uncertainty – speed • Noise – poor quality or ambiguity • Arousal

  13. Adam’s Closed Loop Theory (1971) Movement Organizer Standard Movement Error Detector

  14. What is selective attention? • Selective attention means paying attention to those regulatory aspects of the environment.

  15. Cocktail Party Phenomenon • Meaningfulness • Pertinence

  16. Kahneman’s (1973) Model of Selective Attention • Enduring Dispositions • “rules of involuntary attention” • Momentary Intentions • Attention to things where instruction leads us to pay attention

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