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Kosovo map

Kosovo map. Kosovo map. Kosovo map. Some facts. Population between 1,9-2,3 millions Capital is Pristina Ethnic groups: Albanians 92%, other (Serb, Bosniak, Gorani, Roma, Turk, Ashkali, Egyptian) 8% (2008) Religions: Muslim, Serbian Orthodox, Roman Catholic. Short history.

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Kosovo map

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  1. Kosovo map

  2. Kosovo map

  3. Kosovo map

  4. Some facts • Population between 1,9-2,3 millions • Capital is Pristina • Ethnic groups: Albanians 92%, other (Serb, Bosniak, Gorani, Roma, Turk, Ashkali, Egyptian) 8% (2008) • Religions: Muslim, Serbian Orthodox, Roman Catholic

  5. Short history • Serbian military, police, and paramilitary forces conducted a brutal counterinsurgency campaign that resulted in massacres and massive expulsions of ethnic Albanians. • Approximately 800,000 Albanians were forced from their homes in Kosovo. • International attempts to mediate the conflict failed, and the rejection of a proposed settlement led to a three-month NATO military operation against Serbia beginning in March 1999 that forced Serbia to agree to withdraw its military and police forces from Kosovo. • UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999) placed Kosovo under a transitional administration, the UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), pending a determination of Kosovo's future status. • A UN-led process began in late 2005 to determine Kosovo's final status. The negotiations ran in stages between 2006 and 2007, but ended without agreement between Belgrade and Pristina.

  6. Short history • On 17 February 2008, the Kosovo Assembly declared Kosovo independent. Since then, over 85 countries have recognized Kosovo, and it has joined the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. • Serbia continues to reject Kosovo's independence and in October 2008, it sought an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the legality under international law of Kosovo's declaration of independence. • The ICJ released the advisory opinion in July 2010 affirming that Kosovo's declaration of independence did not violate general principles of international law, UN Security Council Resolution 1244, or the Constitutive Framework/Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement. The opinion was closely tailored to Kosovo's unique history and circumstances.

  7. The Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement The proposal included provisions covering: • Constitutional provisions • Rights of Communities and their Members • Decentralization of local government • Justice system • Religious and cultural heritage • International debt • Property and archives • Kosovo security sector • International Civilian Representative • European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) Rule of Law mission • International Military Presence (e.g., continuation of KFOR) • Legislative agenda

  8. Security sector elements • Following the unilateral declaration of independence on 17 February 2008, the NATO reaffirmed that KFOR shall remain in Kosovo on the basis of UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1244, unless the United Nations Security Council decides otherwise. • In June 2008, NATO agreed to take on new tasks in Kosovo. These new tasks included the standing down of the Kosovo Protection Corps and the creation of the Kosovo Security Force (KSF) as an all-crisis voluntary, professional, multi-ethnic, lightly armed force with a mandate encompassing crisis response, assistance to civil authorities in responding to natural and other disasters and emergencies, Explosive Ordinance Disposal and civil protection. • And the establishment of a civilian structure to oversee the KSF. These tasks are implemented in close coordination and consultation with the relevant local and international authorities.

  9. Civilian structure • A NATO team with several nations – apprx 14 persons • The goal was to support the establishment of the Ministry of the Kosovo Security Force • Mandate: Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement • The very minimum of staff – like the minister and the permanent secretary – was in place late summer 2008

  10. The challenges • How should the Ministry look like and how should it work? • The size • Organogram • Tasks • Who shall work in the Ministry • How to recruite – merit based • Delegation, power and responsibilities • Right and obligations • Legal framework • Ownership

  11. Thank you

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