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Bio-Diversity

Bio- Diversity, Vegetation Management & Exotics / Invasives David Dittmer City of Columbia Parks and Recreation. Bio-Diversity. The variety of organisms found within a specific geographical area. Bio-Diversity. The variety of organisms found within a specific geographical area Plants

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Bio-Diversity

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  1. Bio- Diversity,Vegetation Management &Exotics / InvasivesDavid DittmerCity of ColumbiaParks and Recreation

  2. Bio-Diversity • The variety of organisms found within a specific geographical area

  3. Bio-Diversity • The variety of organisms found within a specific geographical area • Plants • Animals • Insects • Micro-organisms

  4. Bio-Diversity • The variety of organisms found within a specific geographical area • Plants • Animals • Insects • Micro-organsims • The more variety a ecosystem has, the more stable it is.

  5. Traditional urban and suburban landscapes (even parks), tend to eliminate natural biodiversity. Bio-Diversity

  6. Bio-Diversity • When the natural diversity is eliminated or damaged, invasive and exotic species can, and probably will, replace it.

  7. Bio-Diversity • When natural diversity is eliminated, invasive and exotic species will replace them • The best way to control invasives is to keep them out from the very beginning

  8. 2011 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map

  9. New USDA Zone map

  10. Missouri Soil & Climate

  11. Forest Savannah Prairie Wetlands Glades Caves Rivers and Streams Missouri Ecosystems

  12. What do you have in your yard (park)?

  13. Starting Out • Selecting the right plants for the right place • Soils • Water • Light • Slope • Aspect • Topography and elevations

  14. Here’s where the TreeKeepers come in!

  15. Grindstone Nature Area • Conversion of old cropland to native prairie/savannah • Management of Bush Honeysuckle, Sirecia lespedeza and Callery pear hybrids • Re-establishment of a bottomland ecosystem

  16. Scott Blvd. Project

  17. Scott Blvd. Planting • Manage exotics (Johnson Grass) • Restore bottomland forest ecosystem • Stabilize the Hinkson Creek floodplain

  18. Garth Nature Area • Establish a wetland system • Replace fescue (non-native) with native grasses and forbes • Planting of site-appropriate trees

  19. Forum Nature Area • Old Agricultural Fields • Acquired by the city and turned into wetlands and a prairie restoration project.

  20. Forum Nature Area • Old Agricultural Fields • Acquired by the city and turned into wetlands and a prairie restoration project. • Land is perfectly suited for wetlands, but definitely not for prairie. • As a result, it became an blank canvas for invasives.

  21. Forum Nature Area • Removal of pears and S. lespedeza • Re-establishment of bottomland forest

  22. Exotics and Invasives

  23. Exotics • Defining the nomenclature

  24. Exotics • Defining the nomenclature -Various terms: weeds, invasive plants, alien species, and non-native.

  25. Weed vs. Exotic • Weeds are undesirable plants in a specific location.

  26. Weed vs. Exotic • Exotic plants have been removed from their own native environments and transported to a foreign region.

  27. Non-Native • Non Native doesn’t always mean “invasive” • The vast majority of landscape plants which are introduced to our country are completely benign.

  28. Exotic Plants

  29. Exotic Plants-non-native and invasive

  30. Exotics • Exotics out compete native plants.

  31. Exotics • Exotics out compete native plants. • Create monotypic stands that reduce biotic diversity.

  32. Exotics • Exotics out compete native plants. • Create monotypic stands that reduce biotic diversity. • Degrades wildlife habitat.

  33. Exotics • Exotics out compete native plants. • Create monotypic stands that reduce biotic diversity. • Degrades wildlife habitat. • Exotic plants can even aid in the success of exotic pests.

  34. Control Methods

  35. Control Methods Manual Removal • Hand Pulling, Digging, ect • Cheap • Eco- friendly • Labor intensive

  36. Control Methods Chemical • RTU (ready to use) chemicals • Tordon: Cut stump treatments • Round-Up: Foliar (leaves) treatment -can be used in concentrated form for cut stumps

  37. Control Methods Chemical • Use your P.P.E.! • Personal Protective Equipment • Gloves, long pants and shirt, eye protection • THE LABEL IS THE LAW!

  38. Control Methods Mechanical • Mower / string trimmers

  39. Control Methods Mechanical • Mower / string trimmers • A means to an end • Most likely will not kill the plants • Can help stress the plants

  40. Identifying Invasive species • Ultimately, we are responsible for bringing most of these plants here. • We need to be conscientious about what else we bring in -ex. Biomass fuels: miscanthus vs. switchgrass

  41. Bush Honeysuckle • Brought into the United States from Asia as a ornamental shrub in the late 1800’s .

  42. Bush Honeysuckle • Brought into the United States from Asia as a ornamental shrub in the 1800’s . • Out competes all other under story species

  43. Bush Honeysuckle • Grows to a height of about 6-25 feet • Has opposite leaves that are oval in shape • Produces red berries by the thousands.

  44. BH Control • First shrub to bud out, and last to lose its leaves

  45. BH Control • First shrub to bud out, and last to lose its leaves • Cut down and chemically treat the stumps (Tordon).

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