Opportunities for Collaboration

1. Opportunities for Collaboration Presentation to Visiting Team from Sandia National Laboratory Meeting Held at UCSD La Jolla, CA April 16, 2001

2. Governor Davis Created New Institutes for Science, Innovation, and Tech Transfer UCSB UCLA UCI UCSD The California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research The Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (Proposed-UCB, UCD, UCSC, UCM) UCB The California NanoSystems Institute UCSF UCSC The California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology

3. The Next Wave of the Internet Will Extend IP Throughout the Physical World This is the Research Context for the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Materials and Devices Team, UCSD

4. The Institute is Built on Existing UCSD/UCI Faculty Strengths Center for Wireless Communications Broadband Wireless ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LOW-POWERED CIRCUITRY MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMMUNICATION THEORY Architecture Media Access Scheduling End-to-End QoS Hand-Off Changing Environment Protocols Multi-Resolution RF Mixed A/D ASIC Materials Modulation Channel Coding Multiple Access Compression Smart Antennas Adaptive Arrays Source: UCSD CWC

5. San Diego Supercomputer Center Cal(IT)2 Research & Infrastructure Partner Areas of Strength & Leadership for Initial Interactions between Cal(IT)2 and Clusters Phil Papadopoulos Networking and Wireless Phil Papadopoulos, Frank Dwyer, Ronn Ritke, kc claffy, Hans-Werner Braun Data Mining/Metadata/AI Chaitan Baru, Reagan Moore, Tony Fountain Enviroinformatics/Observing Systems Alison Withey Visualization/GIS/Augmented Reality Mike Bailey, John Moreland Jay Boisseau, Mary Thomas, Allan Snavely Computing and Portals Core IT Infrastructure and Integration Mike Vildibill, Frank Dwyer, Phil Andrews, Phil P. Computer Security Infrastructure Tom Perrine Education/Outreach Ann Redelfs, Kim Baldridge, Theresa Boisseau Bioinformatics/Digitally Enabled Med./ Comp. Chemistry/Biology John Wooley, Phil Bourne, Shankar Subramaniam, Mark Ellisman, Mike Gribskov, Kim Baldridge Peter Arzberger, Anke Kamrath, Phil Papadopoulos, Chaitan Baru, Alison Withey Management

6. Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework 220 UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community The State Provides $100 M For New Buildings and Equipment www.calit2.net

7. The UCSD Cal-(IT)2 BuildingPreliminary Design • New Media Arts Spaces • Research Lab • Visualization Labs • Audiovisual Editing Facilities • Gallery Space • Helping Design Auditorium Occupancy 2004 220,000 Gross SF

8. A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector Akamai Boeing Broadcom AMCC CAIMIS Compaq Conexant Copper Mountain Emulex Enterprise Partners VC Entropia Ericsson Global Photon IBM IdeaEdge Ventures Intersil Irvine Sensors Leap Wireless Litton Industries MedExpert Merck Microsoft Mission Ventures NCR Newport Corporation Orincon Panoram Technologies Printronix QUALCOMM Quantum R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RI SAIC SciFrame Seagate Storage Silicon Wave Sony STMicroelectronics Sun Microsystems TeraBurst Networks Texas Instruments UCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund WebEx Computers Communications Software Sensors Biomedical Startups Venture Firms Large Partners >$10M Over 4 Years $140 M Match From Industry

9. Elements of the Cal -(IT)2 Industrial Partnerships • Endowed Chairs for Professors • Start-Up Support for Young Faculty • Graduate Student Fellowships • Research and Academic Professionals • Sponsored Research Programs • Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT)2 and Campus • Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings • Pro Bono Services and Software

10. The Southern High Tech CoastIs Well Organized for Partnering • From Bandwidth Bay to Wireless Valley • 70,000 Fiber Strand-Miles Under Downtown SD • Nation’s Center for Wireless Companies • San Diego Telecom Council • www.sdtelecomcouncil.org • 200 Member Companies • SIGs on Optical, Wireless, Satellite, etc. • UCSD CONNECT • www.connect.org • UCSD Program in Technology and Entrepreneurship • Many Others • BIOCOM • Mayor’s Science and Technology Commission • UCI Chief Executive Roundtable • …

11. Near Term Goal:Build an International Lambda Grid • Establish PACI High Performance Network • SDSC to NCSA to PSC LambdaNet • Link to: • State Dark Fiber • Metropolitan Optical Switched Networks • Campus Optical Grids • International Optical Research Networks • NSF Fund Missing Dark Fiber Links For: • Scientific Applications • Network Research

12. Nanotechnology Is Becoming Essential for Photonics Source: UCSD Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group, Shaya Fainman

13. The UCSD “Living Grid Laboratory”—Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software • Commodity Internet, Internet2 • Link UCSD and UCI SDSC • High-speed optical core Eng. / Cal-(IT)2 CS Hosp Med Chem • Campus Wireless ½ Mile SIO Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC

14. Broadband Wireless Internet is Here Today • Create Wireless Internet “Watering Holes” • Ad Hoc IEEE 802.11 Domains • Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps • Home, Neighborhoods, Office • MobileStar--Admiral Clubs, Major Hotels, Restaurants, … • UCSD—Key Campus Buildings, Dorms, Coffee Shops… • Upsides • Ease of Use • Unlicensed so Anyone can Be a Wireless ISP • Will Accelerate Innovation—”Living in the Future” • Downsides • Not Secure • Shared Bandwidth • Short Range Coverage “The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

15. Web Interface to Grid ComputingThe NPACI GridPort Architecture 802.11b Wireless • Interactive Access to: • State of Computer • Job Status • Application Codes

16. Cal -(IT)2 Researchers Will Focus on Semiconductor “System Chips” • Two Trends: • Increasing Use of “Embedded Intelligence” • Networking of Embedded Intelligence • In Ten Years: • The Big: eg., Terabit Optical Core, Gigabit Wireless, ... • The Small: eg., Pervasive Self-powered Sensor “Motes” • The Cheap: eg., One-Cent Radios • Short-range (10-100m), Low Power (10nJ/bit), Low Bit Rate (1-100kbps) • The Consequence: • Smart Spaces, Intelligent Interfaces, Ad Hoc Networks Source: Rajesh Gupta, UCI Center for Embedded Computer Systems

17. Goal: Design of Configurable Wireless Embedded Sensing/Computing/Communicating Appliances Protocol Stacks Wireless RTOS Network Transport Data Link Protocols Sw/Hw/Sensor/RF Co-design Reconfiguration Physical sensors Protocol Processors Reconf. Logic RF Memory DSP Processors SoC Design Methodologies Applications Sw/Silicon/MEMS Implementation Internet Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE

18. The Wireless Internet will Transform Computational Science and Engineering • Teraflop Supercomputers Simulate in Dynamic 3D • Evolving a System Requires Knowing the Initial State • Add Wireless Sensors and Embedded Processors • Give Detailed State Information • Allows for Comparison of Simulation with Reality • Critical Software Research Required • Security • Robust Scalable Middleware • Effervescent Architectures • Mobile Code • Resource Discovery • Ad Hoc Networking • SensorNet Simulations

19. The High PerformanceWireless Research and Education Network NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45mbps Duplex Backbone http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN

20. Wireless Antennas Anchor Network High Speed Backbone http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN Source: Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC

21. The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid • From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure • Scripps Institution of Oceanography • San Diego Supercomputer Center • Cal-(IT)2 • Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon Source: John Orcutt, SIO

22. The Wireless Internet Will Improve the Safety of California’s 25,000 Bridges New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links Cal-(IT)2 Will Develop and Install Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

23. Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth? • Add Wireless Sensor Array • Build GIS Data • Focus on: • Pollution • Water Cycle • Earthquakes • Bridges • Traffic • Policy • Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth UCI Huntington Beach High Tech Coast UCSD Mission Bay San Diego Bay

24. High Resolution Data Analysis FacilityLinked by Optical Networks to PACI TeraGrid Panoram Technologies, SGI, Sun, TeraBurst Networks, Cox Communications, Global Photon Institute Industrial Partners Planned for Fall 2001 at SIO Support from SDSC and SDSU

25. From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings Creating a Virtual Global Research Lab Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

26. Bridging Internet Data Collection and Theoretical Scaling Analysis • Network Graph Theory • Sparse • Clustered • Hierarchical • Power Laws • Goal • IT First Principles • Quantitative Laws • Verify Against Reality • Use for Optimal Design 100,000 nodes Colored by Node IP Address Bill Cheswick, Lucent Bell Labs and Hal Burch, CMU Fan Chung Graham, UCSD www.caida.org/projects/internetatlas/gallery/

27. Possible Multiple Qubit Quantum Computer 500 nm • SEM picture of posts fabricated at the Cornell Nanofabrication Facility • PI John Goodkind (UCSD Physics) & Roberto Panepucci of the CNF • Electrons Floating over Liquid He • One Electron per Gold Post NSF ITR PROGRAM CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY/ UCSD/MICHIGAN STATE

28. The Institute Facilitates Faculty Teams to Compete for Large Federal Grants Stanford U. Of MN NCRR Imaging and Computing Resources UCSD Harvard Cal Tech SDSC Cal-(IT)2 UCLA Duke Wireless “Pad” Web Interface Proposal-Form a National Scale Testbed for Federating Multi-scale Brain Databases Using NIH High Field NMR Centers Surface Web Deep Web Source: Mark Ellisman, UCSD

29. Why Not Constantly Compute on Federated Repositories? • Currently • Instrument Coordinates • Virtual Human NLM Project • Transformations to Organ Coordinates • Surgical View of Body • Define Differences in Organs • Eg. UCLA Human Brain Mapping Project—Art Toga • Fly Through Organs • Virtual Colonoscopy (www.vitalimaging.com) • Future • Train AI Software on • Millions of Human Image DataSets • Define Distribution Functions • Thresholds for Medical Attention • Life Cycle of Single Individuals • Automatic Early Warnings

30. As Our Bodies Move On-LineBioengineering and Bioinformatics Merge • New Sensors—Israeli Video Pill • Battery, Light, & Video Camera • Images Stored on Hip Device • Next Step—Putting You On-Line! • Key Metabolic and Physical Variables • Wireless Internet Transmission • Model -- Dozens of 25 Processors and 60 Sensors / Actuators Inside of our Cars • Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine • Combine Your Genetic Code & Imaging, with Your Body’s Data Flow • Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques www.givenimaging.com

31. What Data is Needed to Specify a Single Eukaryotic Cell? • Organelles • 4 Million Ribosomes • 30,000 Proteasomes • Dozens of Mitochondria • Macromolecules • 5 Billion Proteins • 5,000 to 10,000 different species • 1 meter of DNA with Several Billion bases • 60 Million tRNAs • 700,000 mRNAs • Chemical Pathways • Vast numbers • Tightly coupled • Is a Virtual Cell Possible? www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/cell1.html

32. Cellular Signaling Pathway Database, Analysis Tools and User Interface Alliance for Cell Signaling PI: Alfred Gilman, UT-SW MED UCSF, Caltech, Stanford, UCSD NIH and Industrial Funding Shankar Subramaniam, UCSD, Director, Data Coordination & Bioinformatics Lab, Alliance for Cell Signaling

33. Monte Carlo Cellular Microphysiology From IBM Blue Horizon to the Grid • PROJECT LEADERS • Francine D. Berman • UC San Diego • Terrence J. Sejnowski • Salk Institute for Biological Studies • PARTICIPANTS • Dorian ArnoldJack DongarraRichard Wolski • University of Tennessee • Thomas M. BartolLin-Wei Wu • Salk Institute for Biological Studies • Henri CasanovaMark H. EllismanMaryann Martone • UC San Diego Rendered by Tom Bartol of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies & Joel Stiles of Cornell University using Pixar PhotoRealistic RenderMan • Neurotransmitter Activity • Leading to Muscle Contraction • MCell Simulated: • The Transmission of 6,000 Molecules of the Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine (Cyan Specks) • In a Reconstructed Mouse Sternomastoid Neuromuscular Junction • Containing Acetylcholinesterase (White Spheres). www.npaci.edu/envision/v16.4/mcell.html

34. The Institute Will Focus on the Use of Highly Parallel and Distributed Systems • PACI Distributed Terascale Linux Clusters • Multi-Teraflop • Thousands of Processors • High Performance Grids • Lambda Connected • Heterogeneous Compute and Storage • DoE Labs • Highest End Machines • Experimental Architectures (Blue Light) • Peer-to-Peer Computing • Millions of Processors • NT/Intel Homogenous PCs

35. The Drive toward Commodity Processorsin Parallel Computing 100x Processors TMC CM-5 IBM SP Cray X-MP RISC Processors ASCI Red PC Clusters 100x Processors? Changes in Architecture Induce Changes in Algorithms Internet Computing Intel Processors

36. Entropia’s Planetary Computer Grew to a Teraflop in Only Two Years The Great Mersenne Prime (2P-1) Search (GIMPS) Found the First Million Digit Prime www.entropia.com Eight 1000p IBM Blue Horizons Deployed in Over 80 Countries

37. SETI@home Demonstrated that PC Internet Computing Could Grow to Megacomputers • Running on 500,000 PCs, ~1000 CPU Years per Day • Over Half a Million CPU Years so far! • 22 Teraflops sustained 24x7 • Sophisticated Data & Signal Processing Analysis • Distributes Datasets from Arecibo Radio Telescope Arecibo Radio Telescope Next Step- Allen Telescope Array

38. Extending the Grid to Planetary Dimensions Using Distributed Computing and Storage AutoDock Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over 20,000 PCs Nearly 3 Million CPU-Hours Computed In Silico Drug Design Art Olson, TSRI

39. From Software as Engineering to Software as Biology • Stanford Professor John Koza • Uses Genetic Programming to Create a Working Computer Program From a High-Level Problem Statement of a Problem • Starting With a Primordial Ooze of Thousands of Randomly Created Computer Programs, a Population of Programs Is Progressively Evolved Over a Series of Generations • Has Produced 21 Human-Competitive Results 1,000-Pentium Beowulf-Style Cluster Computer for Genetic Programming www.genetic-programming.com/

40. A Mobile Internet Powered by a Planetary Scale Computer