National Synchrotron Light Source II

1. National Synchrotron Light Source II New Science New Capabilities Nanoprobes Nanoscience Life Science Diffraction Imaging Nanocatalysis Coherent Dynamics A state of the art ultra-bright medium energy storage ring delivering world leading performance Steve Dierker Associate Laboratory Director for Light Sources NSLS-II Project Director October 19, 2006

2. NSLS: A Crucial Resource forthe Northeast Region 2300 Users/year > 400 academic, industrial, government institutions ~ 800 publications per year ~ 130 in premier journals Home Institutions of Users Foreign Northeast States NSLS-II & CFN (16%) (59%) Macromolecular Crystallography Nanoscience Non- Northeast States (25%) Industry: IBM, ExxonMobil, Lucent, Pharmaceuticals Vital for BNL programs: CFN, Catalysis Center, Structural Biology, Environment

3. National SynchrotronLight Source • First Dedicated Second Generation Synchrotron • and only remaining second generation DOE synchrotron! • Designed in the 1970’s • Operating Since 1982 • Continually updated over the years - Brightness has improved more than 100,000 fold • However • - The brightness has reached its theoretical limit • - Only a small number of insertion devices are possible Improvement in Electron Beam Emittance 1990 2000 Restricted Capabilities of present NSLS limit the productivity and impact of its large user community

4. The Mission Need for NSLS-II • Major studies by BESAC, BES, and the National Nanotechnology Initiative have reassessed the research and the scientific tools needed to advance energy technologies. • A common conclusion is that the development of nanoscale materials – as well as the methods to characterize, manipulate and assemble them – is critical for the development of future energy technologies. • The remarkable tools that were developed over the past 30 years for visualizing the nanoworld – in particular, the synchrotron radiation light sources – helped launch the nanorevolution; ; however, none of today’s light sources (anywhere in the world) were designed to probe materials with 1 nanometer spatial resolution and with 0.1 meV energy resolution (equivalent to ~1 K). “Light sources with even more advanced capabilities than the best available today are needed to address the challenges put forward in these and other reports.”

5. High Level Description of NSLS-II • A highly optimized x-ray synchrotron delivering: • extremely high brightness and flux; • exceptional beam stability; and • a suite of advanced instruments, optics, and detectors that capitalize on these special capabilities. • Together, these enable: • ~ 1 nm spatial resolution, • ~ 0.1 meV energy resolution, and • single atom sensitivity.

6. What Research will NSLS-II Uniquely Enable? • The “nanoscale” covers the length range from 1 to 100 nm, but the low end of this scale is particularly important for many fundamental studies. • Research at the NSLS-II will focus on some of the most important challenges at the lower end of the nanoscale size range, including: • the correlation between nanoscale structure and materials properties and functions; • the mechanisms of molecular self-assembly, which produces exquisite molecular structures in both the living and nonliving worlds; and • the science of emergent behavior, which arises from cooperative behavior of individual components of a system. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES ADVISORY COMMITTEE SUBPANEL WORKSHOP REPORT Opportunities for Catalysis in the 21st Century May 14-16, 2002 Workshop Chair Professor J.M. White University of Texas Molecular Electronics

7. NSLS-II Proposal • Science justification and pre-conceptual design • Submitted March 2004 • CD-0 (Approval of Mission Need) August 2005 • http://www.bnl.gov/nsls2/

8. Approval of CD-0 for NSLS-II by DOEDeputy Secretary Clay Sell

9. Joint Photon Sciences Institute (JPSI) Founded to serve as an intellectual center for development and application of photon sciences and gateway for users of NSLS-II • Office space, meetings areas, and laboratories • Collaborative, interdisciplinary R&D in areas of physical and life sciences that are united in employing synchrotron-based methods • advanced materials energy sciences • biomedical imaging structural biology • advanced instrumentation (optics, detectors, robotics) • $30M building construction funding commitment from NYS

10. NSLS-II Project Organization • Currently 118 staff (~ 62 FTEs) working on NSLS-II • Mostly from NSLS, CAD, SMD, Physics • A few people from APS are on board full time • Other staff from APS, SNS, MIT, others are under support contracts • Large number of visitors from user community and other laboratories

11. Staff Development Projected Actual

12. NSLS-II Storage Ring Performance Goals • Spectral coverage • ~ 10 eV to ~ 20 keV via combination of undulator types • > 100 keV via wiggler beamlines • IR from 1 cm-1 to 10,000 cm-1 via BMs • Average Brightness greater than any other synchrotron from 10 eV to 20 keV • > 1021 p/s/0.1%/mm2/mrad2 from ~ 2 keV to ~ 20 keV • > 1019 p/s/0.1 %/mm2/mrad2 at 100 eV • Flux • > 1015 ph/s/0.1%bw from ~ 10 eV to ~ 20 keV • ~ 1016 ph/s/0.1%bw at ~ 2 keV • Beam size, stability: • sy < 5 mm, sx < 50 mm, but combination of high-bx high flux beamlines & low-bx imaging beamlines • Stability in size and angle ~ 10% of average values • Top-off Operation • Current stability  1% • Minimize perturbation of beam during top-off injection • Pulse Length • No constraints for most experiments - want to pursue psec capability at one or two beamlines • At least 20 ID Beamlines • Want to chicane straight sections for two IDs/straight in some straights • Would like to preserve upgrade path for operation as an ERL

13. NSLS-II Project Scope Accelerator Systems • Storage Ring • Linac and Booster Injection System Experimental Facilities • Trust fund for a suite of initial beamlines and instruments Conventional Facilities • Improvements to Land • Ring Building • Central and distributed Lab/Office Buildings • Utilities • R&D • Advanced optics for achieving 1 nm and 0.1 meV • Advanced insertion devices

14. NSLS-II Site Plan Site Features • Grade ~ 4 ft • Glacial sand • Largely undeveloped • Stability • Low Site Prep Costs • Proximity to CFN, Core Programs & Future JPSI

15. NSLS-II Computer Rendering

16. Future Expansion

17. Long Beam Lines

18. NSLS-II Beamlines • 15 five m straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 30 beamlines by canting two undulators • 4 eight m straights for user undulators • Could potentially drive up to 12 beamlines by canting three undulators • 8 eight m straights for user damping wigglers • Could potentially drive up to 24 beamlines by canting three DWs • 20 BM ports for UV and Soft X-rays • 10 BM ports for IR • 5 large aperture for far-IR, 5 regular aperture for mid/near-IR At least 57 beamlines Many more w/ multiple IDs per straight Multiple hutches/beamline are also possible

19. Mechanism for Beamline Development • Spallation Neutron Source and Linear Coherent Light Source model • Coordinate users to define scientific case and instrumentation specifications for each beamline • Users and/or facility submit proposals to funding agencies • Facility constructs and operates the beamlines • Partner user • Research resources and others funded by NIH and NSF • Industrial research • Others User community groups will work with the facility to define scientific mission and technical requirements for beamlines. • Beamline Advisory Teams • Facility receives funding and designs, constructs, and operates beamlines • Beamline Development Teams • User group receives funding and designs, constructs, and operates beamline

20. Transitioning OperationsFrom NSLS to NSLS-II • Continue operations of NSLS until NSLS-II operational • Move NSLS programs to NSLS-II • Overlap operations while programs transfer over (< 1 year) • NSLS and NSLS-II staff merge to operate NSLS-II • Present NSLS Building Renovated for Other Programs

21. Summary • Baseline scope established which meets performance and cost goals • Conceptual Design and cost/schedule estimates progressing well • Recruitments underway for additional dedicated staff • We are on track to deliver CDR and other documents in early November and to hold a successful review in December