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CAPMAS. Gender pay gap In Egypt Prepared by Wafaa Maged Ahmed. What are the challenges negatively affect the ability of Egyptian women to participation in economic life? . What are the reasons for the gap in wages?. What forms of discrimination in the private, public
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Gender pay gap In Egypt Prepared by Wafaa Maged Ahmed
What are the challenges negatively affect the ability • of Egyptian women to participation in economic life? • What are the reasons for the gap in wages? • What forms of discrimination in the private, public • and Government sector? 3
Rate of women's participation in the labor force is less than • the Participate of men. • High unemployment rate among females compared to males • Gender discrimination in the Egyptian labor market. Challenges negatively affect the ability of Egyptian women to participation in economic life 4
unemployment rates & rate of participation in the labor force 5 Source: CAPMAS, Labor Force Survey, 2010
Inappropriate working conditions for women in the labor market. • The undervaluing of women’s work. • Unequal balance of work and private life. Challenges negatively affect the ability of Egyptian women to participation in economic life 6
Society's perception toward women’s work. • Discrimination in wages between men and women. Challenges negatively affect the ability of Egyptian women to participation in economic life 7
Gender discrimination in the Egyptian labor market. • Expectations of low-level performance for women. • Expectations of women for lower wages than men. Reasons for the gap in wages 8
Lack of skills for women. • There are multiple channels of discrimination, particularly • in the private sector in terms of wages, bonuses and incentives. • The employer, particularly in private sector may prefer • the appointment of men in higher degrees of functionality. Reasons for the gap in wages 9
Forms of discrimination in the private, public and Government sector 10
Discrimination in the Public and government sector Concentration of females in the lowest sequence career Women Less likely than men to get the means of production such as Education, skills…ect 11
Discrimination in private sector The private sector Women themselves Extent working time 12
T he private sector women's employment in informal sector Reluctant to hire women because This implies depriving women from The cost of maternity and motherhood Health insurance Social protection Egyptian labor laws Join trade unions 13
The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CAPMAS www.capmas.go.eg 18