Element Names and Symbols in C h e m i s t r y

1. Element NamesandSymbolsinChemistry R. Cole (2011) coler@evansville.k12.wi.us

2. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O Hydrogen + Hydro = Water (Greek) Gen = to make (Greek) The “water maker”:

3. Helium + Helios = Sun (Greek) ium = little, child of (Greek) “The one from the Sun” Discovered on the Sun in 1868 before being discovered on Earth in 1895!

4. Lithos – Rock or StoneIum – Comes fromComes From Rocks

5. 5 BBoron From the Arabic word BuraqPersian word Burahboth words for the material "borax." Uses- Pyrotechnics and flares to produce a green color.- In some rockets as an ignition - In the aerospace industry because of their high-strength and lightweight. 10.811

6. Carbon Latin- Carbo, Charcoal Carbon is found free in nature in three forms amorphous, graphite and diamond.

7. Nitrogen • Gen- means ‘maker’ • Comes from the French name for salt-peter, ‘Nitre’. (A compound used in making gun-powder.) NITER + GEN = SALT-PETER MAKER

8. Oxygen was discovered in 1774 Atomic Number: 8 Atomic Weight: 15.9994 Classification: Non-metallic Color: colorless as a gas, pale blue as a liquid or a solid. Oxygen (O)

9. Fluorine it’s the Most electronegative and reactive of all elements • fluoride, CaF2) • Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan at 1886 in France. Its from the Latin word "fluere" meaning "to flow"

10. Neon❤(Ne) Neo = New German Glass Blower:  Heinrich Geissler He made an enclosed glass tube with two electrodes Ramsey liquifies air at  -248.7°C and finds Neon! ~ Atomic mass: 20.1797 grams ~ Atomic Number is 10 ~ Number of Protonsand Neutrons: 10 ~ Number of Electrons: 10 By: Kataryna (: Play while watching! Enjoy!

11. Na= sodium or better known as Natrium in different countries. 22.98976928 is the standard Atomic Mass Na

12. Mg elting point is 650 degrease lkali family rains, nuts, beans, dark green vegetables, fish, and meat has this element in it. Magnesium amed after the Greek city Magnesia Lement 12 Atomic number: 12 Atomic mass: 24.31amu and an specialized powders can be used to extinguish when on fire s needed by every cell in your body! sed for flash bulbs in photography agnesium comes from the Greek word, Thessaly called Magnesia

13. Aluminum Fact: Aluminum is widely used in pop cans and in boats and airplanes. When burnt it burns bright blue. Name: Aluminum Symbol: Al Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Mass: 26.981539 amu Melting Point: 660.37 °C (933.52 K, 1220.666 °F) Boiling Point: 2467.0 °C (2740.15 K, 4472.6 °F) Number of Protons/Electrons: 13 Number of Neutrons: 14 Classification: Other Metals Color: Silver Date of Discovery: 1825 Discoverer: Hans Christian Oersted Name Origin: From the Latin word alumenUses: airplanes, soda cans Obtained From: bauxite

14. SiliconSi Silicon was discovered in Sweden 1824 by a man by the name of Jons Jacob Berzelius. Silicon comes from the Latin word silex meaning flint. About 25.7% of the earth’s crust is made up of silicon, it is the second most abundant element. It also is found in the sun and stars.

15. Atomic Number 15 Atomic Mass 30.97379 Phosphorus phos phoros P Uses: fertilizers, detergents, pesticides, toothpaste, matches light bearer The method of discovering phosphorus was believed to have consisted of evaporating urine. Name Orgin Greek “bringer of light” Discovered in 1669

16. SulfurS Classification: Non Metal Color: Yellow Name of Origin: From Latin word sulfur which means brimstone Uses: Matches, Gunpowder, Medicines Atomic Number: 16 Atomic Mass: 32.066 amu Protons/Electrons: 16 Neutrons: 16 Sulfur has been around forever! No one knows who discovered it but In 1777 Antoine Lavoisier determined that sulfur was an element and not a compound

17. Atomic number: 17 Atomic Mass: 35.4527amu Color: Green Chlorine Cl Chlorinecomes from the Greekword- khlộros…meaninggreen. Klộros-Chlorine • Facts: • Used as a chemical cleaner (pools) • Recognized mostly by its bleach like smell • High reacting bleach qualities-when experimented changed the color of flowers and immediately killed insects. • Originally going to be called oxymuriatic acid because of what was believed to be its compounds (oxygen and hydrocoloric acid. • In 1810 Humphry Davis disproved it and named it Chlorine after the Greek word. Based on its color. Discovered By: Carl Wilhelm Scheele

18. Argon (Ar) • Derived from the Greek word, αργον= ‘Lazy’ or ‘inactive one’ due to lack of chemical reaction Facts: Argon is used to shield while wielding or in furnaces to eliminate chances of other chemicals mixing to chemically react Argon is more common than Carbon Dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere

19. Potassium (K) • Symbol K comes from Kalium the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia • Comes from the English word potash • It is the eighth most abundant element on Earth

20. Calcium Atomic Number: Symbol: Ca 20 Atomic Mass: 40.078 amu

21. Chromium + Chromos = Color (Greek) ium = little, child of (Greek) “The colorful one” Forms a wide variety of differently colored compounds: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet

22. + Manganese Magnes = Magnet (Latin) ese = of (Latin) “The magnetic one” Strongly ferromagnetic when alloyed with aluminum, antimony and copper.

23. Iron • Atomic Mass – 55.845 • Atomic number – 26 • Symbol – Fe • Discovered – Prehistoric times • Melting point – 1535°C • Boiling point - 2750°C • Element classification – Transition metal • Density – 7.874(g/cc)

24. Cobalt - Co -Comes from the word Kobalt which is German for “Evil Spirit” because it is a poisonous metal. -Was discovered in 1737 by George Brandt. -Used for Ceramics, Magnets and some glassware.

25. Nickel Atomic number: 28 Chemical Symbol: Ni Atomic mass: 58.69 Comes from: German word Kupfernickel, meaning "Old Nick's copper” Interesting Fact: The only element named after the devil Transition metal

26. Cu 29 Copper Origin: From the Latin word cyprium, after the island of Cyprus Uses: electrical conductor, jewelry, coins, plumbing

27. 30 Next to iron, zinc is the most common mineral in the body and is found in every cell. ZINC (Zn) From the German word zin (meaning tin)

28. Bromine Br Discovered : 1826 Discovered by: Antoine J. Balard Obtained from: Sea Water Uses: Poisonous COMES FROM THE GREEK WORD BROMOS WHICH MEANS STENCH

29. Rubidium Atomic Number: 37 Atomic Mass: 85.4678 amu Discovered in 1861 by R. Bunsen From the latin word Rubidis (Red) Uses: Catalyst, Photocells Obtained from Lithium Production Rubidium may be liquid at room temperature, it is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali group. It colors a flame yellowish violet.

30. Strontium Strontian = a town in Scotland “The one from Strontian” Burns with a beautiful crimson flame, and is often used in pyrotechnics to add color.

31. Symbol = AgAtomic number = 47Atomic mass = 107.8682gTransitional metal -Ag stands for the Latin word argentum, which means silver. -Argent = money -Silver is only shiny when polished. When in its pure form, silver is actually dull. -Silver is the best conductor of energy out of all the elements. Silver

32. Iodine (I) • Comes from the Greek word iôdes whichmeans “violet” • Name refers to the color of its vapor • Atomic number is 53

33. Cesium From the Latin Word "caesius" (sky blue) Atomic Number: 55 Atomic Mass: 132.90546 amu Symbol: Cs Basic Oxides

34. Barium Greek word “barys” (heavy) Used in rat poison A soft, silvery metallic metal Combines with many non-metals to compose poisonous compounds Health concern in food

35. Platinum Discovered by Spain Named after the Spanish word: platina meaning “little silver”

36. Atomic Number: • 79 Atomic Mass: • 196.966569 • Latin: Aurum- Shining Dawn • Good conductor of heat and electricity

37. 80 Mercury Hg • Found in Cinnabar Ore • The only metal that is liquid at room temperature • Named after the planet, Mercury • Known to be toxic to humans

38. Hg Mercury (Hydroargentium) ‘Hydro’ = water (Latin) ‘Argentium’ = silver (Latin) “Liquid silver” “Quicksilver” – Liquid at room temperature!

39. Pb Lead (Plumbum) ‘Plumbum’ = Lead (Latin) ‘ium’ = little, child of (Latin) “The one from France” Root word for plumbing, plumb (vertical), plumb-bob, plumb-line, etc..

40. + Fr Francium ‘Francus’ = French (Latin) ‘ium’ = little, child of (Latin) “The one from France” Thought to be highly chemically reactive, but too radioactive and short-lived to tell.

41. U Uranium Radioactive and fissionable element named after the planet Uranus Used in the first atomic bomb to be used as a weapon, “Little Boy”, which was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6th, 1945.

42. Pu Plutonium Radioactive and fissionable element named after the planetoid formerly known as Pluto Used in the first atomic bomb, “Trinity”, and then in the atomic bomb, “Fat Man”, which was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan on August 9th, 1945.