Chapter 29: Civil Rights and the Crisis of Liberalism

1. Chapter 29: Civil Rights and the Crisis of Liberalism Preview:“Largely walled out from the prosperity of the 1950s, African Americans and Latinos campaigned to gain the freedoms denied them through widespread racism and, in the South, a system of segregation. As the civil rights movement blossomed, young and relatively affluent baby boomers spread the revolution to other areas of American life.” The Highlights: The Civil Rights Movement A Movement Becomes a Crusade Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society The Counterculture

2. 29-2 The Civil Rights Movement • The Changing South and African Americans • Mechanized cotton farming • Lumber industry provided most jobs for African Americans outside of cotton farming McGraw-Hill

3. 29-3 • The NAACP and Civil Rights • Thurgood Marshall • NAACP chose not to attack head-on the Supreme Court decision of Plessy v. Ferguson • The Brown Decision • Overturning Plessy • “Southern Manifesto” issued by 19 U.S. senators and 81 representatives to reestablish legalized segregation • Latino Civil Rights • Delgado and segregated schools • Hernandez and desegregation McGraw-Hill

4. 29-4 “Neither the Brown nor the Hernández decisions ended segregation, but they combined with political and economic forces to usher in a new era of southern race relations”(983). • A New Civil Rights Strategy • Rosa Parks • Martin Luther King, Jr. • Little Rock and the White Backlash • Mob greets nine black students • National Guard preserved order for a year McGraw-Hill

5. 29-5 A Movement Becomes a Crusade • Riding to Freedom • Newer civil rights organizations • Kennedy hedged on his promise to introduce major civil rights legislation • Civil Rights at High Tide • James Meredith • “Letter from Birmingham Jail” • The march on Washington McGraw-Hill

6. 29-6 McGraw-Hill

7. 29-7 • The Fire Next Time • Tragedy in Dallas: JFK assassinated, November 22, 1963 • LBJ and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Black Power • Malcolm X • Black Panthers McGraw-Hill

8. 29-8 “The growing white backlash and the anger exploding in the nation’s cities exposed serious flaws in the theory and practice of liberal reform”(991). • Violence in the Streets • Riots in Harlem, Rochester, Watts area of L.A., Chicago, Newark and Detroit • White backlash and anger exposed serious flaws n the theory and practice of liberal reform McGraw-Hill

9. 29-9 Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society • The Origins of the Great Society • Discovering poverty • The liberal tradition • The Election of 1964 • “Great Society” in which poverty and racial injustice no longer exist • Johnson won by a landslide McGraw-Hill

10. 29-10 • The Great Society • Programs in education • Medicare and Medicaid • HUD • Immigration reform • The environment • Evaluating the Great Society • Conservatives and radicals objected that the liberal welfare state was too intrusive • The tradition of liberalism prevailed McGraw-Hill

11. “Although Lyndon Johnson and the Congress left the stamp of liberalism on federal power during the decade, the third branch of government played a role that, in the long run, proved equally significant”(996). 29-11 • The Reforms of the Warren Court • Protecting due process • Banning school prayer • One person, one vote McGraw-Hill

12. 29-12 McGraw-Hill

13. 29-13 The Counterculture • Activists on the New Left • SDS and Port Huron • The Free Speech Movement • Freedom Summer of 1964 • The Rise of the Counterculture • Politics rejected for a lifestyle of experimentation with music, sex and drugs • The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test McGraw-Hill

14. 29-14 • The Rock Revolution • The Beatles • Dylan • Soul Music • The West Coast Scene • The counterculture signaled the increasing importance of the West Coast in American popular culture • The hippies • The Woodstock Music Festival (1969) McGraw-Hill