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Chapter 29 The Civil Rights Era, 1954-1973

I. The Civil Rights Movement. 1st events: Jackie Robinson playing MLB in 1947 and Truman desegregating the armed forces, 1948A. Equality in EducationSegregation was protected by Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896Separate but equal1. The Brown DecisionNAACP fought to end segregationLed by Thurgood Marsha

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Chapter 29 The Civil Rights Era, 1954-1973

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    1. Chapter 29 The Civil Rights Era, 1954-1973

    2. I. The Civil Rights Movement 1st events: Jackie Robinson playing MLB in 1947 and Truman desegregating the armed forces, 1948 A. Equality in Education Segregation was protected by Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 Separate but equal 1. The Brown Decision NAACP fought to end segregation Led by Thurgood Marshall Brown v. Board of Educ. Of Topeka, KS: May 17, 1954 Separate is inherently unequal

    4. A. Equality in Education cont. 2. Integrating the Schools Public schools had to blend the races The south resisted 3. Confrontation in Little Rock 1957, a federal judge ordered Central High School integrate Governor Orval Faubus called in the state Natl. Guard to block the students Ike doubted the Brown decision, but had to enforce a federal law After another ruling, Faubus removed the troops Eisenhower sent troops to protect the nine African-Americans

    5. B. Gains on Other Fronts 1. The Montgomery Bus Boycott Dec. 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat Arrested African-Americans boycotted the buses in response 75% of their customers Led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. People did everything to get around Official arrested King and others Supreme Court ruled in favor of the boycott and the busses were integrated in Dec. 1956

    6. B. Gains on Other Fronts cont. 2. Nonviolent Protest King became a leader of the movement Followed the tactics of A. Philip Randolph and Mohandas Gandhi Civil disobedience: refusal to obey laws that are considered unjust Jan. 1957, King and 60 others formed the So. Christian Leadership Conf. to identify targets for protests

    7. II. Kennedy and Johnson A. Election of 1960 Rep. VP Richard Nixon Dem. John F. Kennedy A Catholic 1. John F. Kennedy From one of the most powerful and wealthy families Joseph was a powerful businessman and ambassador to Britain JFK served in the Pacific in WWII PT-109, saved a crew member Elected a Congressman in 1946, and Senator in 1952 Wrote Profiles in Courage Won a Pulitzer Prize Reelected in 1958

    8. A. Election of 1960 cont. 2. A New President 1st televised debates Nixon refused to wear makeup: looked tired and sick JFK made a better impression on TV One of the closest elections in history JFK won 49.9% to 49.6% Nixon could have demanded a recount, but conceded

    10. B. The New Frontier JFK was the youngest elected president Inauguration, Jan. 20, 1961 “And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you- ask what you can do for your country.” Camelot: JFK, his wife Jackie, and their kids bred optimism in America Energy and youth returned to the White House

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