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Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability

This work delves into ship survivability enhancement through automation and AES technology, discussing key aspects and components for improved electrical system survivability. It explores automatic responses and battle damage repair. Presented by Lt. Cdr. I.K. Gyparis, MSc MESE, Hellenic Navy, Prof. Dr.-Ing. I.K. Hatzilau, and Cdr. E. Sakiotis, MSc Electrical Eng., Hellenic Navy.

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Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability

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  1. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability Lt Cdr I.K. Gyparis, MSc MESE, Hellenic Navy I.K. Hatzilau, Prof. Dr.-Ing, Hellenic Naval Academy (HNA) Cdr E. Sakiotis, MSc Electrical Eng., Hellenic Navy 1

  2. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis • The present work supplements the paper in ref#[2] : • ‘‘Perspectives of enhanced survivability on AES’’ • [ I.K. Hatzilau, I.K. Gyparis, J. Prousalidis, S. Perros, A. Dalakos ] • which was presented in the Conference: • AES 2003 Broadening the horizons, UK, Edimburg 2003. • Both papers are part of the work done • In Department of Electrical Engineering • of Hellenic Naval Academy, • in the context of our research interests in • All Electric Ship, Naval Automation and Ship Survivability. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau2

  3. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis Paper Layout and Synopsis • Introduction • Introduces to the subject of ship survivability improvement • in the context of Automation and AES technology advancement. • 2. Ship’s Survivability state • - Approaches the issue of calculating ship-survivability and outlines the paper’s method, • that of analyzing survivability into components, • each one covering ‘similar’ subsystems of the ship. • -Examines the suitability of ship’s survivability state estimation • on AES and its use in ship’s systems’ automatic responses. • It then describes the basic requirements and operation of such systems. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau3

  4. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis Paper Layout and Synopsis • Automatic Battle Damage Repair of electric power network on AES. • - Discusses the concept • - Presents its basic elements on AES, • those of electric network reconfigurationandload prioritization • - Introduces the idea of applying models, that exist for the ‘reinforcement’ of land power networks, • in the design of AES power network. • - Discusses the subject of a dynamic load prioritization scheme. • - Presents key and conclusive points for the subject. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau4

  5. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis Paper Layout and Synopsis 4. Conclusions 5. References 6. Glossary ( In the technology area of this work many abbreviations are often used, that are not always consistent . We have used the following abbreviations, hoping not to have much deviated ) Presented by I.K. Hatzilau5

  6. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 6. GLOSSARY AES: All Electric Ship EM: Electrical Manager AW: Air Warfare HMI: Human Machine Interface BDR: Battle Damage Repair IFF: Identification Friend or Foe BDRM:Battle Damage Repair Management MCR: Machinery Control Room BDRS: Battle Damage Repair Subsystem SCC: Ship Control Centre BMS: Battle Management System SW: Submarine Warfare CIC: Combat Information Centre SuW: Surface Warfare DC: Damage Control TSS: Total Ship System Presented by I.K. Hatzilau 6

  7. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION Thesurvivability of a shipis defined as:“the Capability to avoid and/or withstand a hostile environment”and in a broader sense:‘‘ the capability to fulfil missions overcoming difficulties ’’ Presented by I.K. Hatzilau7

  8. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION Advancement of control and automation technology gives ship designers the tools, to achieve more survivable and less manned ships. Although a fully automated ship is not feasible yet, several approximations are shown up. In most of them, the intelligent interconnection of ship’s majorsystems is one of the primary concerns. Ship’s major control systems are :BATLLE MANAGEMENTSYSTEM (BMS) and PLATFORMMANAGEMENTSYSTEM(PMS) Presented by I.K. Hatzilau8

  9. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION Currently, onboard most naval ships the BMS-PMSinterconnection is no more, than simple data exchange, withLocal Operator Involvement. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau9

  10. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION On fully automated ships of the future, the systems will be really(intelligently)integrated, consulting each other and directing their systems accordingly, withminimum human intervention and Central Operator Involvement. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau10

  11. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION A central issue of the future ship’s systems’ integrationis the automatic allocation of (limited) assets (services) from Platform Management System to Battle Management Systemduring Battle Damage Repair(BDR) The homogeneous nature and the integrated power network of AES offer a firm foundation for advanced BMS-PMS cooperation on the basis of AES electric network state. The perspective of an integrated Total Ship System (TSS) in the context of the electro-centric AES, offers new possibilities for more efficient Battle Damage Repair Organization. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau11

  12. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 1. INTRODUCTION On fully automated AESof the future, the systems will be reallyintegrated through both the automation and the electric Power network. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau12

  13. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE In the recent years several attempts have been made to approach the issue of estimating ship’s survivability. Generally, these approaches express survivability as a time evolving processor as a conditional probability, but, both approaches are still qualitative. 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis Presented by I.K. Hatzilau13

  14. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE EXAMPLE of SURVIVABILITY EXPRESSED as MISSION CAPABILITY EVOLVING IN TIME, AFTER SHIP HAS BEEN HIT 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis Presented by I.K. Hatzilau14

  15. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis EXAMPLE of SURVIVABILITY EXPRESSED as CONDITIONALPROBABILITY Ps = PROBABILITY OF SURVIVAL PH = PROBABILITY OF BEING HIT PK/H = PROBABILITY OF BEING KILLED PR = PROBABILITY OF RECOVERY PS= 1-(PH*PK/H)*(1-PR) Presented by I.K. Hatzilau15

  16. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis But, the approaches expressing survivability as a time evolving process and/or as a conditional probability, are still qualitative. Instead, for future automatic control and decision-makingsystems, we need aMETHODOLOGY to approach survivability arithmetically ( quantitatively ) A first step to that goal, is the estimation (measuring) of the survivability of similar systems and subsystems In that way survivability ‘components’ are created, that add up to the total survivability of the ship. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau16

  17. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE This figure indicates the concept of ship’s survivability components analysis. 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis figure 1 Presented by I.K. Hatzilau17

  18. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE For a first level analysisthe 3 main componentsthat constitute ship’s survivability state are :* Structural Integrity ( Floating )* Movement (Navigating )* Battle Systems ( Fighting ) 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis Presented by I.K. Hatzilau18

  19. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE Currently under research in HNA is the developmentof a specific quantitative evaluation systemfor measuring each survivability component of a ship.- The metric system relies on ‘penalty’ points , imposed after degradation and losses following battle damage. - The points are based on the damage-data ,collected from a ship-wide sensor network (the monitoring subsystem of the Platform Management System).- A total survivability index will be calculated ,representing ship’s survivability state at any time. 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis Presented by I.K. Hatzilau19

  20. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE Ship’s survivability state can then be used as the overarching criterionfor --- automaticresponses of shipboard systemsand--- automatic configuration, use and allocationof assets. 2.1. SurvivabilityComponents Analysis Presented by I.K. Hatzilau20

  21. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE AES homogeneous electric nature offers an expedient base for application of a ship’s (survivability) state estimation system.On AES, everything is actually an electric load,serviced from the very same network and can be handled in the same way and controlled and monitored by essentially the same management system. 2.2. AES Survivability State AES OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES ARE LOADS AVAILABILITY Presented by I.K. Hatzilau21

  22. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE Any degradation of the AES power systemis directly translated into ship’s lost (operational) capabilities.Consequently, the analysis of ship’s systems into components for the purpose of measuring survivability, can be approached by the analysis of ship’s systems into groups of loads. The status of these load-groupswill reflect the state of ship’s systems.(ship’s state degradation occurring from fires or major leaks can be handled in the same way, but dealt with different priority) 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau22

  23. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE Being properly and automatically evaluated, AES power system degradation can then be related to ship’sactualsurvivability statevalue which,will be comparedwith the desired stateset by ship’s Command.The ‘products’ of this comparison will drive theship’s automatic responses(according to the block diagram shown). 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau23

  24. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE After a battle hit, degradation of the electric power system of AES might occur in one or more of the following generic ways :-- decreased power generation capacity -- discontinuity of the network (lines, elements, etc.)-- physical damage of loads 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau24

  25. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE The PMS will initiate automatic, damage fighting sequences seekingto minimize the (vector) differencebetween actual and desired survivability state.(The concept isdepicted in thefigure) 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState figure 2 Presented by I.K. Hatzilau25

  26. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE The basic requirements and operations for the outlined automatic battle damage response of the AES will be : ---- a suitable network of damage data collecting sensors ---- a Platform Management System designed, … to -- correlate sensory and human inputs … and -- calculateand present ship’s actual state, -- to transform Command goals into desiredship’s state(s) … and … 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau26

  27. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE … and … -- to calculateand presentachievableship’s states closer as soon as possible to the desired, (with the available‘undamaged’ resources) -- and to translate the selected achievable state into automatic actions, after users verification. 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau27

  28. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis Monitor platform, weapons and environment change Damage Report Demanded ship’s state estimation Achievable State Estimation Load classification Present Optimum Achievable State Operator Verification / Alteration Realize Optimum Achievable State 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Then, given :- an electric power network that can be automatically reconfigured(and strategies for the reconfiguration) and- a method for dynamicload prioritization, the PMS reconfigures available network (elements) and distributes available power to achieve the selected (or the higher achievable) ship’s state. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau28

  29. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Α ‘user friendly’ presentation of the information handled from the PMS during the processing steps, is of paramount importance for the success of battle damage repair actions. Indicatively, the following should be presented to the operator : * inflicted damages in topographic (3D) fashion* assets available, including generator capacity and (damaged/undamaged) network topography*(grouped) options of (automatic) restoration actions and ship’s states achieved for each option* damages that can not be repaired in short time. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau29

  30. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE Additionally the PMS * should accept manual inputs and information (at all stages of its processing) and be able to correlate them with the data from the sensorsand * should ask for manual (leveled) confirmation. 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau30

  31. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 2. SHIP’S SURVIVABILITY STATE The network reconfiguration strategies strongly depend on networkdesign and architecture.The load prioritization method should preferably not be static but dynamicandcase-adaptable: When the electric power available lags the demanded, allocation of power should be done automaticallyaccording to Command intentions (Desired state). 2.2. AES SurvivabilityState Presented by I.K. Hatzilau31

  32. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES As Fully-Automatic Battle Management will be realized by a type of integrated Total Ship System (TSS),it is usefulto outline the main TSS’ influenceon ship Battle Damage Repair (BDR) activities. 3.1 Automatic Battle Management Presented by I.K. Hatzilau32

  33. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES TSS influence on ship related activities [I]. The complexity of a TSS indicates that the use of ‘expert’ (learning) systems is more appropriate.TSS’ high integration level will result in similar integration of the ship’s command centers(Combat Information Center - CIC, Machinery Control Center - MCC, Bridge…)into multi-role Ship Control Centers (SCC). SCC’s will be a main, an alternative and other ‘smaller’ and distributed-emergency ‘centers’ (operated by plug-in modules). 3.1 Automatic Battle Management Presented by I.K. Hatzilau33

  34. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES TSS influence on ship related activities [ II ].There will be a consequent change, on ship operational philosophy (doctrines ) and departmental division.The technical / support departments are expected to mergeinto one common support division, where the control/automation technicians will have the prominent role. 3.1 Automatic Battle Management Presented by I.K. Hatzilau34

  35. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES The fact that AES relies on a ship-wideelectric networkandTSS on a ship-wideinformationnetworkindicatesthat there should be a common approach for the (design)architecture, protection, redundancy, functionality and operation of those networks, as well as their influence on overall ship design. 3.1 Automatic Battle Management Presented by I.K. Hatzilau35

  36. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES Battle Damage Repair Management (BDRM)When available Damage Repair assets, lag the restoration demands, prioritization is needed.Automatic prioritization will save critical time.In case of reduced electric power generation capacity on AES due to damage inflicted from battle-hits, the most important asset prioritization, is the loads one.A fully automated system should use a ‘dynamic’ load prioritization methodin order to adapt to the situations that the ship faces. 3.2 Automatic Battle Damage Repair Management (BDRM) on AES Presented by I.K. Hatzilau36

  37. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2 Automatic Battle Damage Repair Management (BDRM) on AES Presented by I.K. Hatzilau37

  38. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.1 Automatic El. Power Network Reconfiguration Considerable work has been done on the subject of modelingattacks and malfunctions atland power networks, as in ref#[7] : J. Salmeron, K. Wood, R.Baldick ‘‘Analysis of Electric Grid Security Under Terrorist Threat’’ IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol19, No2, May 2004. Similar models, search for possible weak points of a land power grid, taking into account the attacker’s resources and the ‘defender’ high value units and propose the best power flow paths to feed as many consumers and as soon as possible. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau38

  39. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.1 Automatic El. Power Network Reconfiguration *After proper adaptations, these models can be used in the design of AES power network , in order to make it more ‘reconfigurable’ and survivable. * Indicatively the models can be adapted to accept asinputs : -- scenaria of hits in ship’s compartments and lost parts of the el. network -- and ship’s missionscenaria and states(consequently translated in different priorities of loads) in order to give as outputs : the ‘weak’ and the ‘high value’ load centers with high “load shedding cost” Presented by I.K. Hatzilau39

  40. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.1 Automatic El. Power Network Reconfiguration Then, redundant lines could be added to the most critical load centers, or a re-design could be done to distribute the loads more efficiently in different load centers (from the survivability point of view) The model can also be used, for training the AES personnel in Battle Damage Repair. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau40

  41. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State In the case of ‘permanent’ limitation of the el. power capacity and after having presented the available power paths, the Battle Damage Repair Subsystem has to calculate and present achievable ship’s states closer to the desired one, on the basis of different load prioritization schemes. Classically, two priorities of loads have been existed in naval ships, classifying the loads as vitalor non vital. This, or even a further classification, (i.e. 3, or 4 groups of loads) is not optimum and does not exploit the capabilities of intelligent automation systems. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau41

  42. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State Ideally the Battle Damage Repair Subsystem should consult the Battle Management system for the ship’s mission/Command intentions and knowing the ship’s state, translate them all into load prioritization and then distribute the available electric power accordingly. This would be the optimum and most effective load shedding scheme. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau42

  43. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State The absolute value of the load necessity will now be a function of the ship’s operational state and intentions (e.g.: Floating, Navigating, Fighting (AAW, ASW, SW)) For the case of an AES, where propulsion power can be stepped in small increments, power shedding can be more efficient. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau43

  44. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State For efficient load prioritization the PMS should use ‘tables’ with load priority numbers. The priority numbers - will be Proportional to necessity and inversely proportional to shedding cost - and will be function of ship’s state and mission requirements. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau44

  45. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State • * As an example, the load priority of the ‘Navigation Radar’ , • … • is greater for the ‘Floating’ and ‘Navigating’ states • and hence, it is assigned the priority value of [2], • while the necessity of this Radar for the ‘Anti-Air Warfare’ stateis low and hence the value of priority is [9]. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau45

  46. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES 3.2.2 Dynamic Load Prioritization According to Ship’s State Such tables will be expanded to describe more situations and demands. Additionally, ‘Functional links’ must be established among the tables, to cover complex scenarios. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau46

  47. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES Optimization of Battle Damage Repair Management demands close cooperation between designers and operators. This is more demanding for AES, a ‘new’ type of ship, for witch the operational experience is limited.The key points for the Battle Damage Repair Management on AES are : -- the emerging integration of ship control systems into one Total Ship System-- ship’s various command centers are merging into one ‘multi-role’ Ship Control Center-- the el. power network is the common backbone of all systems 3.3 Optimization of BDRM Organization on AES Presented by I.K. Hatzilau47

  48. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 3. AUTOMATIC BDR OF ELECTRIC POWER NETWORK ON AES -- Damage control zoning will include electric power and automation networks to the greater extent possible/(fuel cells’ contribution for el. power zoning is expected)-- Modern Battle Damage Repair Systems should include the most managerial/supervisory aids possible (like 3D graphs, visualization of power rerouting, interactive killcards etc.)-- ergonomic design should include the fact, that the ‘Electrical Manager’ post will be the ‘central’ one in AES Control center. 3.3 Optimization of BDRM Organisation on AES Presented by I.K. Hatzilau48

  49. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 4. CONCLUSIONS Methods for quantification of ship’s survivability state are needed.AES’ electrical ‘nature’ indicates, that survivability calculations will be based on the ‘condition’ of the ship’s power network.Being properly estimated, ship’ survivability state can be the main criterion for automatic responses. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau 49

  50. Automatic Battle Management of AES and Aspects of Electrical System Survivability I.K. Gyparis, I.K. Hatzilau, E. Sakiotis 4. CONCLUSIONS The basic automatic actions that should be activated on AES after battle damages are electric power network reconfiguration and load shedding. Automatic reconfiguration will be successful, only if it has been anticipated for in the design phase of the power network. - There is relevant work ongoing for shore networks, the models of which can be used for ships. Classic dual ship’s loads classification schemes are not optimal for automatic load shedding systems. Dynamic prioritization that continuously adapts to ship’s state is needed. Presented by I.K. Hatzilau 50

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