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Romanticism

Romanticism. A Literary, Intellectual, and Artistic Movement. What is Romanticism?. Movement and School of Thought Valued and emphasized feelings, emotion, and Intuition Against Rationalism Not centered around romance. When and Where did Romanticism Take Place?.

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Romanticism

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  1. Romanticism • A Literary, Intellectual, and Artistic Movement

  2. What is Romanticism? • Movement and School of Thought • Valued and emphasized feelings, emotion, and Intuition • Against Rationalism • Not centered around romance

  3. When and Where did Romanticism Take Place? • Officially from 1798-1832, starting in Germany and England • Based on English and German literature • Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge • Hymns to the Night by Novalis • Deaths of Sir Walter Scott and Goethe • When considering movement as a whole, and its influence, there is different time period • 1770s-1870s • Later for America • Peak from 1800-1850s

  4. What Else Was Happening in the World? • American Revolution • French Revolution • Industrial Revolution- Led by Rationalism • Rise of factories • Disregarding nature • Mindless jobs • Worse Conditions • Revolutions of 1848 • Dominance of Enlightenment ideals and rational thought • Westward Expansion

  5. Causes and Influences • Many disagreed with Rationalism • Effects of Industrial Revolution pointed out Rationalism’s flaws • Pollution • Deforestation • Often dirty urban life • Monotonous Factory Jobs • People already accustomed to drastic changes • People were accustomed to challenging the status quo • Westward expansion in America • Closer contact with Nature

  6. Characteristics of Romantic Thought • Valued feelings, emotions, and intuition • Imagination was highest faculty of the mind • Ultimate creative power • More important that reason • Relished beauty of nature • Viewed as organic, encompassing emotion, not just objectively and analytically • Importance of the “Individual” and uniqueness • Freedoms of speech, experimentation, and writing without constraints • More to life than rational thought could encompass • Complexity of the commonplace and beauty of the exotic • Many paradoxes. Example: Natural and Supernatural

  7. Other Characteristics • Poetry was highest embodiment of imagination • Searched for exotic settings removed from industrial influences • Tried to reflect on the natural world to reveal its underlying beauty • Not just analyze it rationally or scientifically’ • Emphasized importance of local language and tradition • Nationalism and unity

  8. Some Major People • Wordsworth- British • Coleridge- British • Nathaniel Hawthorne- American • Sir Walter Scott- British • Goethe- German • Longfellow- American • Emily Dickinson- American • Walt Whitman- American

  9. Some American Writers • James Fenimore Cooper • Emily Dickinson • Nathaniel Hawthorne • Walt Whitman • Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

  10. Major Literary Impacts • Poetry became much more popular and important • Lyric Poetry flourished • New emphasis on creative writing • Increased volume of literature focused on nature • Literature seen as organic • It is the “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling” -Wordsworth • Realization that literature did not need to be rational and scientific to be influential

  11. American Literary Characteristics • Embodies Romanticism’s ideas • Emphasizes individualism and spiritual intuition • Use of many literary techniques such as: • Symbols • Myths • Fantastical elements • Vivid imagery • Colloquial Language • Some techniques used to express the protagonist's mental processes or to convey deeper psychological or archetypal themes • Not held or defined by conventional society’s constraints • Portrays nature as a sanctum for the self • Highlights how intuition can conflict with conventional social and religious dogma • Illustrates futile and destructive nature of their questing heroes

  12. Common Literary Themes • Highly Imaginative • Emotionally Intense • Expresses escapism • Portrays the common man as a hero • Portrays nature as a refuge as well as a source of knowledge and spirituality

  13. Some Famous Literary Works • The Scarlet Letter • Moby Dick • Leaves of Grass • Lyrical Ballads • Hymns to the Night • The Hunchback of Notre Dame • Frankenstein

  14. A Summer Day by the Sea • By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow • The sun is set; and in his latest beams •   Yon little cloud of ashen gray and gold, •   Slowly upon the amber air unrolled, •   The falling mantle of the Prophet seems. • From the dim headlands many a light-house gleams, •   The street-lamps of the ocean; and behold, •   O'erhead the banners of the night unfold; •   The day hath passed into the land of dreams. • O summer day beside the joyous sea! •   O summer day so wonderful and white, •   So full of gladness and so full of pain! • Forever and forever shalt thou be •   To some the gravestone of a dead delight, •   To some the landmark of a new domain.

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