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ADULT ED

ADULT ED. LIFE SCIENCE. Safety contract Scientific method Human body: anatomy & physiology Cell. Scientific Method. A logical orderly way to solve a problem Steps Define problem Research Form Hypothesis Test Hypothesis (Experiment) Observe and collect data Form Conclusion

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ADULT ED

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  1. ADULT ED LIFE SCIENCE

  2. Safety contract • Scientific method • Human body: anatomy & physiology • Cell

  3. Scientific Method A logical orderly way to solve a problem Steps Define problem Research Form Hypothesis Test Hypothesis (Experiment) Observe and collect data Form Conclusion Report findings

  4. Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/13-cells.htm

  5. Composite Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/13-cells.htm

  6. RED BLOOD CELLS web.jjay.cuny.edu

  7. PLANT CELL web.jjay.cuny.edu

  8. PLANT CELL web.jjay.cuny.edu

  9. BACTERIA CELL web.jjay.cuny.edu

  10. PROTISTA web.jjay.cuny.edu

  11. Microscope http://www.microscope-microscope.org/basic/microscope-parts.htm

  12. Cell Theory • All living things are composed of at least one cell • Cells are the basic unit of anatomy (structure) and physiology (function) • Cells come only from pre-existing cells • Exceptions:

  13. Cell types • Cell processes • Mitosis • Tissue types

  14. Transportation • Diffusion • MOLECULES MOVE FROM A HIGH TO A LOW CONCENTRATION; NO ENERGY USED • Osmosis • DIFFUSION OF WATER • Active transport • USES ENERGY

  15. Mitosis • Cell division http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/210labs/mitosis1.html

  16. Respiration Occurs in mitochondria: C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

  17. ENZYMES • PROTEINS: RIBOSOMES • ALLOW REACTIONS TO TAKE PLACE AT BODY TEMPERATURE • CATALYSTS: ALLOW REACTION TO TAKE PLACE BUT AREN’T CHANGED: CAN BE USED OVER • LOCK-AND-KEY MODEL: ONE ENZYME PER SUBSTRATE • AFFECTED BY: TEMPERATURE; AMOUNT OF SUBSTRATE; AMOUNT OF ENZYME; pH;

  18. CHROMOSOMES • DNA- MAKES UP CHROMOSOMES; CARRIES GENES • GENES= CODE FOR THE DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS AND PROTEINS • DNA BASES: • A-T • G-C • mRNA CARRIES CODE TO MAKE THE PROTEIN AT THE RIBOSOMES

  19. DNA VS RNA • DNA: DOUBLE STRAND; HELIX; A-T; G-C; VERY LONG; STAYS IN NUCLEUS; RNA: SINGLE STRAND; U REPLACES T; LEAVES NUCLEUS; 3 TYPES: mRNA; tRNA; rRNA;

  20. DNA REPLICATION MAKES NEW DNA OCCURS JUST BEFORE MITOSIS

  21. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS • COPIES DNA CODE ONTO mRNA • mRNA TRAVELS TO RIBOSOME • tRNA CARRIES AMINO ACIDS • rRNA HELPS tRNA AND mRNA • PROTEINS ASSEMBLED • RNA HAS U INSTEAD OF T (A-U) • mRNA CODON AND COMBIINES WITH ANTICODON OF tRNA

  22. CELL PROCESSES • Nutrition= for energy and building blocks • Digestion= breakdown food to smaller nutrients for diffusion • Absorption= pick up nutrients into body • Biosynthesis= organize own matter, organic substances • Respiration= energy release • Excretion= waste removal • Secretion= release of good molecules • Response= react to stimuli • Reproduction= produce new ‘like’ cells

  23. Anatomy & Physiology • Anatomy: • The study of the structures of the body • Physiology: • The study of the functions of the parts of the body

  24. ORGANIZATION OF LIVING THINGS • CELL(S) • TISSUE • ORGAN • ORGAN SYSTEM • ORGANISM

  25. CELL • BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

  26. TISSUE • A GROUP OF SIMILAR CELLS ALL DOING THE SAME JOB

  27. TISSUES • EPITHELIAL • CONNECTIVE • MUSCLE • NERVOUS

  28. EPITHELIAL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelium

  29. CONNECTIVE TISSUE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue

  30. MUSCLE TISSUE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue

  31. NERVOUS TISSUE http://biology.about.com/library/weekly/aa020101a.htm

  32. ORGAN • A GROUP OF DIFFERENT TISSUES ALL DOING THE SAME JOB

  33. ORGAN SYSTEMS • A GROUP OF TISSUES AND ORGANS WORKING TOGETHER

  34. ORGANISM • WHOLE LIVING THING

  35. SYSTEMS • INTEGUMENTARY • MUSCULAR • SKELETAL • RESPIRATORY • DIGESTIVE • ENDOCRINE • CARDIOVASCULAR • NERVOUS • IMMUNE • EXCRETORY • REPRODUCTIVE

  36. Body Planes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location#Planes

  37. Body Cavities Dorsal cavity http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_cavities

  38. Skeletal System • Functions: • Support/Shape • Muscle attachment: movement • Protection • Store minerals • Calcium

  39. http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/skelweb/skel04.html

  40. Joints • Synarthrosis- immoveable • Amphiarthrosis- slightly moveable • Diarthrosis- freely moveable

  41. Synovial Joints: Freely moveable • Hinge: http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  42. Saddle http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  43. Pivot http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/tcolvill/135/joints.htm

  44. Ball and Socket http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  45. Gliding http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  46. Joints http://library.thinkquest.org/J0111100/graphics/joints.html

  47. http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ball_and_socket_joint.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ball_and_socket_joint.shtml

  48. Muscular System • Types: • Cardiac • Smooth • Skeletal

  49. Cardiac • Found in heart • Striated • 3D • Can contract on own • Involuntary

  50. Smooth • Nonstriated • Involuntary • Found in hollow organs

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