Biology

1. Biology Ch. 10 Review

2. As a cell becomes larger, its • volume increases faster than its surface area. • surface area increases faster than its volume. • volume increases, but its surface area stays the same. • surface area stays the same, but its volume increases.

3. As a cell grows, it • places more demands on its DNA. • uses up food and oxygen more quickly. • has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell membrane. • all of the above

4. If the surface area of a cell increases 100 times, its volume increases about • 5 times. • 10 times. • 100 times. • 1000 times.

5. The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell depends on the cell’s • ratio of surface area to volume. • environment. • volume. • surface area.

6. All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT • DNA overload. • excess oxygen. • obtaining enough food. • expelling wastes.

7. Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble • dividing. • producing daughter cells. • moving needed materials in and waste products out. • making copies of their DNA.

8. The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called • cell division. • metaphase. • interphase. • mitosis.

9. Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problems of cell growth? • Cell division provides each daughter cell with its own copy of DNA. • Cell division increases the mass of the original cell. • Cell division increases the surface area of the original cell. • Cell division reduces the original cell’s volume.

10. If a normal cell divides, you can assume that • its surface area has become larger than its volume. • its volume has become larger than its surface area. • it has grown to its full size. • it has grown too large to meet its needs.

11. If a cell’s DNA were not copied before cell division, the cell could • have a DNA overload. • become cancerous. • fail to exchange materials. • divide.

12. Which of the following happens when a cell divides? • The cell’s volume increases. • It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients. • The cell has DNA overload. • Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell’s DNA.

13. When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible? • only during interphase • only when they are being replicated • only during cell division • only during the G1 phase

14. Which of the following is a phase in the cell cycle? • G1 phase • G2 phase • M phase • all of the above

15. Which pair is correct? • G1 phase, DNA replication • G2 phase, preparation for mitosis • S phase, cell division • M phase, cell growth

16. When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated? • G1 phase • G2 phase • S phase • M phase

17. Which event occurs during interphase? • The cell grows. • Centrioles appear. • Spindle fibers begin to form. • Centromeres divide.

18. Which of the following is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? • Little happens during the G1 and G2 phases. • DNA replicates during cytokinesis. • The M phase is usually the longest phase. • Interphase consists of the G1 , S, and G2 phases.

19. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? • Interphase is usually the longest phase. • DNA replicates during the S phase. • Cell division ends with cytokinesis. • The cell grows during the G2 phase.

20. Cell division is represented in the Figure by the letter • A. • B. • C. • D.

21. The cell cycle is the • series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. • period of time between the birth and the death of a cell. • time from prophase until cytokinesis. • time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.

22. The structure labeled A in the figure is called the • centromere. • centriole. • sister chromatid. • spindle.

23. The structures labeled B in th figure are called • centromeres. • centrioles. • sister chromatids. • spindles.

24. During which phase(s) of mitosis are structures like the one shown in the figure visible? • anaphase and prophase • prophase and metaphase • metaphase only • anaphase and interphase

25. Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? • cytokinesis • interphase • prophase • S phase

26. The first phase of mitosis is called • prophase. • anaphase. • metaphase. • interphase.

27. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell? • prophase • telophase • metaphase • anaphase

28. Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? • prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase • interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase • interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase • prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

29. What is the role of the spindle during mitosis? • It helps separate the chromosomes. • It breaks down the nuclear membrane. • It duplicates the DNA. • It divides the cell in half.

30. The two main stages of cell division are called • mitosis and interphase. • synthesis and cytokinesis. • the M phase and the S phase. • cytokinesis and mitosis.

31. One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have • centrioles. • centromeres. • a cell plate. • chromatin.

32. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing • two chromosomes. • four chromosomes. • eight chromosomes. • sixteen chromosomes.

33. What happens when cells come into contact with other cells? • They divide more quickly. • They stop growing. • They produce cyclins. • They produce p53.

34. Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing? • contact with other cells • growth factors • a cut in the skin • cyclin that has been taken from a cell in mitosis

35. Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish? • The cells lack cyclin. • The petri dish inhibits cell growth. • Contact with other cells stops cell growth. • Most cells grown in petri dishes have a defective p53.

36. When cytoplasm from a cell that is undergoing mitosis is injected into a cell that is in interphase, the second cell • stays in interphase. • enters mitosis. • stops making cyclin. • loses its p53.

37. In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by • the centrioles. • cyclins. • the spindle. • all of the above

38. Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that • regulate the cell cycle. • produce p53. • cause cancer. • work to heal wounds.

39. Which of the following regulate(s) the cell cycle? • growth factors • cyclins • p53 • all of the above

40. Which of the following is an internal regulator of the cell cycle? • cyclins • growth factors • the mitotic spindle • cancer cells

41. Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their • size. • spindle fibers. • growth rate. • surface area.

42. Cancer cells form masses of cells called • tumors. • cyclins. • growth factors. • p53.

43. A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to • divide regularly. • stop dividing. • accumulate chromosomal damage. • combat tumors.

44. Cancer affects • humans only. • most unicellular organisms. • multicellular organisms. • unicellular organisms.

45. What is a tumor? • an accumulation of cyclins • a mass of cancer cells • the rapidly dividing cells found at the site of a wound • a defective p53 gene

46. As a cell’s size increases, its ratio of surface area to volume increases. • True • False

47. As a cell’s size increases, it places more demands on its DNA. • True • False

48. The smaller a cell is, the more difficult it is for the cell to move enough materials across its cell membrane. • True • False

49. Cell division solves the problem of cell growth by increasing cell volume. • True • False

50. An imaginary cubic cell with a side length of 10 mm would have a ratio of surface area to volume of 6 : 10. • True • False