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Sponges, ctenophores, cnidarians

Explore the key characteristics of sponges, comb jellies, and jellyfish including symmetry, digestion, and habitat. Study Hydra's anatomy and models for deeper insights.

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Sponges, ctenophores, cnidarians

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  1. BSC 2011L Sponges, ctenophores, cnidarians

  2. Kingdom Animalia • All animals are multicelluar and heterotrophic • Some means of locomotion • Always diploid

  3. Animal Taxonomy • Domain Eukarya • Kingdom Animalia • Invertebrates • Parazoa – no true tissue layers • Phylum Porifera – sponges • Grantia • Eumetazoa – true tissues, symmetry • RADIATA – radial symmetry • Phylum Ctenophora – comb jellies • Phylum Cnidaria • Class Hydrozoa – Portuguese man of war, Hydra, Obelia • Class Scyphozoa – jelly fish • Class Anthozoa – coral and sea anemones

  4. Body Symmetry

  5. Phylum Porifera • Live in water, mostly marine • No true tissues • Adults are sessile but larvae are mobile - planktonic • assymmetrical • Can produce asexually and sexually • Digestion – intracellular choanocytes • Circulation – water transport

  6. Phylum Porifera • Animal: sponges • Symmetry: asymmetrical • Body cavity: spongeocoel • Digestion: intracellular choanocytes • Circulation: water transport, amoebocytes • Segmentation: none • Appendages: none • Nervous: none • Habitat: Aquatic, marine • Respiration: diffusion • Excretion: diffusion • Locomotion: none (sessile, however larvae are flagellated) • Support: spicules

  7. Phylum Ctenophora • Radially symmetrical • True tissues (diploblastic) • Move by cilia • Many are bioluminescent

  8. Phylum Cnidaria • Radially symmetrical • True tissues (diploblastic) • Two body forms: polyp and medusa • Part of zooplankton • Reproduce sexually and asexually • Carnivores • Digestion – gastrovascular cavity • Circulation – cells in direct contact with water

  9. Phylum Cnidaria • Have nerve net between 2 tissue layers • Cnidocytes • Stinging cells • Each one has fluid filled capsule called nematocyst • Contains thread that trap or sting prey

  10. Phylum CnidariaClass Hydrozoa - Hydra • Animal: Hydra • Symmetry: Radial • Body cavity: coelenteron (sac) • Digestion: gastrovascular cavity • Circulation: cells in direct contact with water • Segmentation: none • Appendages: tentacles around mouth • Nervous: nerve nets • Habitat: Aquatic • Respiration: diffusion • Excretion: none • Locomotion: limited • Support: none

  11. Hydra Model

  12. What are we doing today? • Phylum Porifera • Observe preserved specimens • Figure 22.2 • Be able to identify structures • Look at prepared slide of Grantia • Look at slide of spicules • Phylum Ctenophora • Observe preserved specimens • Phylum Cnidaria • Observe specimens • Class Hydrozoa • Hydra – • Observe model • Know following parts: mouth, gastrovascular cavity, tentacle, basal disk, gland cell, mesoglea, cnidocyte • Observe microscope slides

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