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Family Pseudotriakidae Gollumsharks and False Catsharks

Family Pseudotriakidae Gollumsharks and False Catsharks . Sara McCutcheon. General Characteristics. Small to large sharks No barbels or nasoral grooves Labial furrows short Elongated eyes “squinty” appearance Deep groove in front of eyes. Gollum spp. 3 species. Pseudotriakis microdon.

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Family Pseudotriakidae Gollumsharks and False Catsharks

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  1. Family PseudotriakidaeGollumsharks and False Catsharks Sara McCutcheon

  2. General Characteristics • Small to large sharks • No barbels or nasoral grooves • Labial furrows short • Elongated eyes “squinty” appearance • Deep groove in front of eyes

  3. Gollum spp.3 species

  4. Pseudotriakis microdon

  5. Pygmy False CatsharkNew Genus and species

  6. Distribution and Habitat • Continental and insular slopes and ocassionaly over shelves • Benthic and benthopelagic • Bathydemersal • No recognized fossil record for this family

  7. Gollum spp • 129-724m; 300-600m common • Bathydemersal • 10˚C • G. attenuatus New Zealand • G. species A – Philippines • G. species B – New Caledonia

  8. Pseudotriakis microdon • Found between 200-1890m • Wide-ranging • Not yet found in the S Atlantic or E Pacific

  9. False Pygmy Catshark • Arabian Sea and Maldives (NW Indian Ocean) • Down to 1120m

  10. Biology • First documented report of non-lamnid oophagy • Matrophagy, oophagy, and uterine milk • Aplacental vivaparity • Embryos feed on yolk sac, ova, and uterine milk • Consumed ova replenish external yolk sac • Low fecundity of 2 pups/litter • Ratio of males to females 1:1 • Pseudotriakis microdon • 20,000 ova (9mm) found in a 280cm female • Unknown gestation time; thought to be at least one year, possibly 2-3 years

  11. Diet • Feed on sharks, teleosts, gastropods, cephalopods, crustaceans, and other invertebrates • Most important are fish and crustaceans • Feed at or near the bottom • P. microdon in Pacific vs Atlantic • Pacific = sharks, teleosts, squid, octopi • Atlantic = human garbage, potatoes, pear, plastic bag, and soda can

  12. Status • No interest by fisheries • Caught as bycatch from bottom trawl longlines • Thought to have a low resilience; minimum population doubling time of 14 years • No information of population size or status • Considered harmless to humans • Gollum spp. – species of least concern • Pseudotriakis microdon - data deficient • Pygmy False Catshark – Not evaluated

  13. Bibliography • Carrier, J.C., J.A. Musick, and M.R. Heithaus. 2004. Biology of Sharks and their Relatives. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 49 and 71. • Castro, J.I. 1983. The Sharks of North American Waters. Texas A&M University Press, TX. p. 113. • Compagno, LJV. 1984. FAO Species Catalogue, Vol 4. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 – Carcharhinigormes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125 (4/2):251-655. • Compagno, L, M. Dando, and S. Fowler. 2005. Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. pp. 257-260. • Francis, M.P. 2003. Gollum attenuatus. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 21 October 2007. • Kyne, P.M., Kazunari Yano & White, W.T. 2004. Pseudotriakis microdon. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 21 October 2007. • Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the World, 4th ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, NJ. p. 61.

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