1 / 27

Chapter 15 Chemical Compounds

Chapter 15 Chemical Compounds. Ionic compounds have ionic bonds between opposite charges (ions). Covalent compounds have covalent bonds (sharing electrons)and consist of particles called molecules. Properties of Acids :. Produce hydrogen ions (H + ) in water.

cachet
Download Presentation

Chapter 15 Chemical Compounds

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 15Chemical Compounds Ionic compounds have ionic bonds between opposite charges (ions). Covalent compounds have covalent bonds (sharing electrons)and consist of particles called molecules.

  2. Properties of Acids: • Produce hydrogen ions (H+) in water. • The H+ ion makes hydronium ion (H30+) with a water molecule. • Taste sour. • React with metals and carbonates (CO3). • Turns blue litmus paper red. • Litmus paper is paper treated with an indicator.

  3. An indicator is a compound that changes color when in contact with an acid or a base. • Examples: • Litmus paper (red litmus paper, blue litmus paper, pH paper) • Phenol red solution • Red cabbage juice

  4. Strength of acids: • Not based just on concentrations!

  5. Strength of acids: • Not based just on concentrations!

  6. Strength of acids: • Not based just on concentrations!

  7. Examples of acids: Strong acids • hydrochloric HCl • sulfuric H2SO4 • nitric Weak acids • acetic (in vinegar) • citric (citrus fruits) • carbonic

  8. Properties of a Base: • Make Hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. • Taste bitter. • Feels slippery. • Does not react with carbonates. • Turns red litmus paper blue. • Think “b” base turns blue

  9. Strength of a base: NaOH Na+ + OH-

  10. Strength of a base: NaOH Na+ + OH-

  11. Strength of a base: NaOH Na+ + OH-

  12. Examples of bases: Strong bases • Sodium hydroxide NaOH • Calcium hydroxide CaOH • Potassium hydroxide KOH Weak bases • Ammonium hydroxide • Aluminum hydroxide

  13. The pH scale • Ranges from 0 to 14 (see pg 429) • Expresses the concentration of hydrogen (H+) ions in a solution; • Low pH means high concentration of H+ (strong acid); • High pH means low concentration of H+ (strong base or alkaline)

  14. pH values for common household chemicals

  15. pH scale Where are the strong acids?

  16. pH values for common household chemicals Where are the strong acids?

  17. pH is important to living organisms! Where are the strong acids?

  18. pH Scale and Indicatorsvideo:

  19. A neutralization reaction is between an acid and a base, and always produces water and a salt. HCl + KOH H2O + KCl hydrochloricpotassium water potassium acidhydroxidechloride (a salt!) A salt is an ionic compound (like Na+Cl-).

More Related