Vertex & Pixel Shaders

1. Vertex & Pixel Shaders CPS124 – Computer Graphics Ferdinand Schober

2. Shader History I • 1995/1996: 3dfx Voodoo 1first mass market GPU, hw accelerated rasterization GLIDE API, 16bit buffers, texturing & shadingQuake using OpenGL! • 1998: 3dfx Voodoo 2 / BansheeAGP port, but no AGP texturing two texture units for single-pass multitexturing • 1999: Nvidia Geforce 256 / Matrox G400fixed function graphics pipeline (T&L) first hardware OpenGL support DDR memory introduction bump mapping

3. Shader History II • 2000: 3dfx Voodoo 3 / Nvidia Geforce 2multi-texturing unit, “Year of Nvidia”, per pixel shading, hardware transform + clipping + shading, full screen antialiasing • 2001: Nvidia Geforce 3 programmable T&L • 2002: Nvidia Geforce 4Ti / DirectX 9.0first full hardware/software shader support • 2003: Nvidia Geforce FX / ATI Radeon 9800XT256-bit memory port, displacement mapping, 128-bit color precision, Ultra Shadow, AGP 8x

4. Current Graphic Cards • Geforce FX 5950 Ultra • Graphics Core/Interface: 256-bit • Fill Rate: 3.8 billion texels/sec. • Vertices/sec.: 356 million • Textures per Pixel: 16 • Pixel Shaders (2.0)/Vertex Shaders • Supports OpenGL 1.5 / DX9.0 • UltraShadow, CineFX 2.0 Geforce FX Demo

5. Current Graphic Cards II • ATI Radeon 9800XT • Graphics Core/Interface: 256-bit • Fill Rate: 3.3 gpixels/sec. • Vertices/sec.: 412 million • 2x/4x/6x full screen antialiasing • Pixel Shaders (2.0)/Vertex Shaders • Supports OpenGL 1.5 / DX9.0 • SmartShader, Truform 2.0 • Videoshader ATI Radeon 9800XT Demo

6. Pixel vs. Vertex Shaders • Definition (wikipedia): “3D hardware previously used fixed-function pipelines in which, for example, one was stuck with the lighting model chosen by the hardware vendor. Graphics hardware was able to do transformation and lighting (T&L for short) on the card, but it was not flexible. A vertex shader sidesteps the T&L stage in the pipeline and lets the user add on to it. Pixel shaders operate after the geometry pipeline and before final rasterization. They operate in parallel with multitexturing to produce a final pixel color and z-value for the final, rasterization step in the graphics pipeline (where alpha blending and depth testing occur).”

7. Shader Languages • Different Standards: Nvidia: Cg ATI: HSLS (DirectX 9) OpenGL: GL2 Provide high level language for assembler-based shading code. Use optimized (JIT) compilers to transform to highly efficient machine code. Winner yet undecided. Example Shaders

8. Small Example (Cg) • Why Cg? • Open source compiler • Works with OpenGL & DirectX • C-like language • can be used for multiple GPUs/Platforms

9. Small Example (Cg) II The program transforms an object-space position for a vertex by a 4x4 matrix containing the concatenation of the modeling, viewing, and projection transforms. The resulting vector is output as the clip-space position of the vertex. The per-vertex color is scaled by a floating-point parameter prior to output. Also, two texture coordinate sets are passed through unperturbed. • void simpleTransform(float4 objectPosition : POSITION, float4 color : COLOR, • float4 decalCoord : TEXCOORD0, float4 lightMapCoord : TEXCOORD1, • out float4 clipPosition : POSITION, out float4 oColor : COLOR, • out float4 oDecalCoord : TEXCOORD0, out float4 oLightMapCoord : TEXCOORD1, • uniform float brightness, uniform float4x4 modelViewProjection) • { • clipPosition = mul(modelViewProjection, objectPosition); • oColor = brightness * color; • oDecalCoord = decalCoord; • oLightMapCoord = lightMapCoord; • } vs.1.1 mov oT0, v7 mov oT1, v8 dp4 oPos.x, c1, v0 dp4 oPos.y, c2, v0 dp4 oPos.z, c3, v0 dp4 oPos.w, c4, v0 mul oD0, c0.x, v5

10. Eye Candy • And now some shader eye candy: • Radeon vertex shading/bump mapping demo • HSLS demo • Dynamic Fur • Radeon 9700 demos  More in cutting-edge games lecture…

11. Vertex & Pixel Shaders The End 終演 しゅう えん