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Connective Tissue Overview

Connective Tissue Overview. Bell Ringer: 9.4.2013. Name 2 types of epithelial tissue and their function. . Connective Tissue. Found everywhere in the body Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues Functions Binds body tissues together Supports the body Provides protection

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Connective Tissue Overview

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  1. Connective Tissue Overview

  2. Bell Ringer: 9.4.2013 • Name 2 types of epithelial tissue and their function.

  3. Connective Tissue • Found everywhere in the body • Includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues • Functions • Binds body tissues together • Supports the body • Provides protection • Insulates to maintain body temperature • Transportation of other molecules

  4. Special Characteristics • 1. common origin- all arise from embryonic tissue (mesenchyme) • 2. Degrees of vascularity- cartilage is avascular while other types have rich blood supply • 3. Extracellular matrix- connective tissue more able to bear weight, withstand tension, and endure abuses because unlike other tissues it is not made up mostly of cells. • Most abundant tissue in body

  5. Structural Characteristics Ground Substance: unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains the fibers. This is consists mostly of fluid and proteins. • 3 Main Elements • Fibers: provide support. • 3 types: collagen, elastic and reticular fibers. • Collagen fibers: protein. Extremely tough and provide high tensile strength. (white) • Elastic fibers: long and thin that form branches. Elastin protein. Moves like a rubber band. (yellow) Found in skin, lungs, blood vessels. • Reticular Fibers: very fine fibers that branch extensively. Surround small blood vessels and support tissue of organs.

  6. Structural Characteristics Cont. • Cells- composed of many types • 1. Blast Cells: undifferentiated cells • -fibroblast • - chondroblast • -osteoblast • -hematopoietic stem cells • 2. Fat Cells- nutrient storage • 3. Blood cells- defense • 4. Plasma Cells-produce antibodies • 5. Macrophages- dispose of dead tissue cells and act in immune response

  7. Types of Connective Tissue

  8. Types of Connective Tissue

  9. Types of Connective Tissue Connective Tissue Proper • Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue • Adipose Tissue • Dense Connective Tissue

  10. Loose Connective Tissue • Fibers not abundant • Extensive blood supply • Examples of locations • Between skin and muscles • Around digestive tract • Around blood vessels • “Packing material” of body

  11. Adipose Tissue • Still loose connective tissue • Most of the volume is adipocytes • Provides padding, slows heat loss, food reserve • Locations • Common under skin of sides, gluteal, and mammary regions • Wherever there is loose connective tissue

  12. Adipose Tissue

  13. Dense Connective Tissue • Lots of collagen fibers • Examples • Tendons (muscle  bone) • Ligaments (bone  bone) • Some has elastic fibers

  14. Supportive Connective Tissue:Cartilage & Bone • Cartilage • Dense network of collagenous fibers & elastic fibers in a gel-like substance • Avascular…repair capabilities limited • Cells – • chondrocytes in lacunae • chondroblasts • Perichondrium – surrounds surface of cartilage

  15. Hyaline Cartilage • Most common • Provides flexibility and support • Locations • Ends of bones larynx • Trachea, embryonic skeleton • Connecting ribs to sternum

  16. Fibrocartilage • Visible collagenous fibers with scattered chondrocytes • Provides strength and rigidity • Locations • Intervertebral discs • Symphysis pubis

  17. Elastic Cartilage • Resilient and flexible • External ear(pinna) • Epiglottis • Auditory tube • Tolerates distortion without damage

  18. Supportive Connective Tissue:Cartilage & Bone • Bone (aka osseous tissue) • Solid matrix (solid Ca cpds) • Cells – • Osteocytes in lacunae • Osteoblasts • Periosteum surrounds surface of bone

  19. Bone

  20. Table 4.3

  21. Fluid Connective Tissue: Blood • Functions • Transport medium • Regulation • Protection • Composition • Plasma – fluid • Formed elements – cells & cell fragments • Red blood cell • White blood cell • Platelets (important in clotting)

  22. Red Blood Cells

  23. A White Blood Cell

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