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USGS Oil and Gas Resource Assessments and Hydraulic Fracturing

USGS Oil and Gas Resource Assessments and Hydraulic Fracturing. Brenda Pierce, U.S. Geological Survey June 8, 2012. Total Petroleum System. Source Rock. Armentrout, 2001. Conventional Reservoir. Spiro Sandstone. Medium-grained, cross-bedded sandstone. Core slab.

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USGS Oil and Gas Resource Assessments and Hydraulic Fracturing

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  1. USGS Oil and Gas ResourceAssessments and Hydraulic Fracturing Brenda Pierce, U.S. Geological Survey June 8, 2012

  2. Total Petroleum System SourceRock Armentrout, 2001

  3. Conventional Reservoir Spiro Sandstone Medium-grained, cross-bedded sandstone Core slab Thin section photomicrograph

  4. Continuous Reservoir Woodford Shale Weakly Laminated Shale Strongly Laminated Shale Thin section photomicrographs (Slatt and others, 2011)

  5. Photomicrograph from a tight sandstone in the Bossier Fm. It is tight due to abundant quartz overgrowths (QO), and porosity exists between adjacent quartz overgrowths QO QO Photomicrograph of an uncemented sandstone from the Jurassic Morrison Fm. Blue is epoxy that fills primary pores (between grains) and some secondary pores that have developed from partial dissolution of some detrital feldspar grains.

  6. Goal of USGS Assessments

  7. Continuous Methodology • Geologic characterization of assessment units • Drainage areas of wells (cell sizes) • Number of potential cells (tested and untested) • Engineering data – • well production and • performance • EUR (estimated • ultimate recovery) • distribution Woodford Shale – Horizontal Well Density

  8. USGS Continuous Oil and Gas Resource Estimates http://energy.usgs.gov/OilGas/AssessmentsData/NationalOilGasAssessment/AssessmentUpdates.aspx

  9. USGS Shale Gas and Tight Gas Resource Estimates

  10. Source rocks of the Alaska North Slope: estimates (95-percent to 5-percent probability) range from zero to 2 billion barrels of oil and from zero to nearly 80 trillion cubic feet of gas.

  11. Resource Assessments Change Over Time 909 MMBO Example: Bakken Formation (2008) 868 MMBO 410 MMBO 973 MMBO 485 MMBO Mean total = 3.65 BBO (F95=3.0 BBO; F5=4.3 BBO) USGS 1995 Bakken Assessment: Mean total = 151 MMBO Changes result from improved geologic understanding, technological developments, other factors

  12. Bakken Oil Production http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=3750

  13. U.S. Unconventional Gas Production Shale Gas Coalbed Methane Billions of Cubic Feet Year Source: Energy Information Administration

  14. Hydraulic Fracturing • Water use • Chemicals used • Fate of injected fluid • Flowback quality

  15. Characterization, Impacts, and Use of Produced Waters Collection of produced water Bakken Formation – extent of USGS assessment units and hydraulically , fractured wells. USGS produced waters database and extent of U.S. shale gas plays

  16. http://energy.usgs.gov

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