Ambient Intelligent

1. AmbientIntelligent José Manuel Molina López Catedrático de Ciencia de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial

2. AmbientIntelligence Definition Ubiquitous Computing Context

3. AmbientIntelligence • Ambient Intelligence (AmI) envisions a future Information Society where users are proactively, but sensibly provided with services that support their activities in everyday life • AmIscenarios described by the European Commission Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) depict intelligent environments capable of recognising and responding to the presence of different individuals in a seamless, unobtrusive and often invisible way • AmIis strongly founded on the concept of Ubiquitous Computing (UC), introduced by Weiser in the early 90s, which presents a world where a multitude of computational objects communicate and interact in order to help humans in daily activities. Ubiquitous Computing

4. Ubiquitous Computing “Ubiquitouscomputing has as itsgoaltheenhancingcomputer use bymakingmanycomputersavailablethroughoutthephysicalenvironment, butmakingthemeffectively invisible to theuser”. [Weiser, 1993] • The main objective for AmI systems is to be invisible but helpful. • Requirements • technology must be transparent to users • services must be tailored to user context and preferences • applications must be interoperable and easy to interact with. What’s CONTEXT

5. Context • Deydefines context as any information that can be used to characterize the situation of an entity. An entity is a person, place, or object that is considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application, including the user and applications themselves [Anind K. Dey and Gregory D. Abowd. Towards a Better Understanding of context and context-awareness. Technical Report GIT-GVU-99-22, Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Computing, June 1999.] • Schmidt et al. define context as knowledge about the users and IT devices state, including surroundings, situation, and to a less extent, location. [Albrecht Schmidt, Kofi Asante Aidoo, AnttiTakaluoma, UrpoTuomela, Kristof Van Laerhoven, and Walter Van de Velde. Advanced interaction in context. In Proceedings of First International Symposium on Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing,HUC'99, pages 89-101, Karlsruhe, Germany,September 1999. Springer Verlag].

6. Context • Schilit divides context into three categories: • Computing context, such as network connectivity, communication costs, and communication bandwidth, and nearby resources such as printers, displays, and workstations. • User context, such as the users profile, location, people nearby, even the current social situation. • Physical context, such as lighting, noise levels, traffic conditions, and temperature. [Bill Schilit, Norman Adams, and Roy Want.Context-aware computing applications. In Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, pages 85-90, Santa Cruz, California, December 1994. IEEE Computer Society Press]

7. Context • Important notes about context by Schilit: • Who ( Identity Awareness).- It’s the way the context distinguish the user profile to achieve the correct behavior. • What ( Task Awareness).- It concentrates what the user is doing, the task he is managing and what he want to obtain. It has to do with the services offered by the system. • Where ( Location Awareness).- Knowledge of the physic location, • When ( Time Awareness).- Acquisition and maintenance of the information about time and date, static schedules and dynamism of each user’s diary. • Why (Device behavior).- To easily communicate with the computer in order to manage everyday tasks, as far as possible, in an implicit way.

8. ResearchAreas CommunicationTechnologies InformationProcessing Service-ProvidingFramework Applications

9. Communication Technologies • Distributed devices to gather and provide information need networking functionalities. • ad hoctechnologies: • RFID (active tags) • Bluetooth • Zigbee(short-range) • Wi-Fi or WiMax (medium-range) • Broadband cell phone technologies (4G) • NOW common infrastructures based on IP protocols, Internet of Things (IoT). • The IoT, based on the next-generation IPv6, is emerging to be the communication support of AmI, which requires the participation of heterogeneous devices and transport technologies.

10. InformationProcessing • Fusion Technologies • Extract, contextualize and represent information • Areas: • Knowledge Mobilization • Data Mining • Information Fusion • Machine Learning • Ontologies to represent and reason with heterogeneous information.

11. Service-Providing Framework • Distribution of knowledge, which is essential in AmI, can be accomplished with technologies such as MAS, Web Services and Cloud Computing. • The Multiagent Systems (MAS) paradigm proposes a scenario where independent, goal-directed, and environment-aware units (the agents) get coordinated (by collaborating or competing) to accomplish complex tasks. • Web Services allow remote procedures to be requested through elaborated HTTP calls, including procedures for service choreography (which messages are created when the service is requested) and orchestration (which external services are required to complete the task). • Cloud Computing is a recent service-providing model oriented to guarantee system scalability. Users access to remote computing resources on demand without regard of the situation of the resource and the communication technology.

12. Applications • Friendly interfaces to final users: Human-Computer Interaction • Deployment of infraestructure • Areas: • e-Health • Ambient Assisted Living • Surveillance applications • Intelligent avoiding of collisions • Hazardous drug control • Food traceability • Logistics • .. etc.

13. ResearchAreas in AmbientIntelligence

14. Open Problems Non-IntrusiveIdentification Evaluation Mobile sensors

15. Non-IntrusiveIdentification • FaceRecognitionButnowpeopleiswalking • And wewantcontext

16. Evaluation

17. Mobile Sensors