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Rainwater monitoring of rust spores

Rainwater monitoring of rust spores. Charlie Barnes USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory. Rainwater monitoring of rust spores. Van Bowersox Karen Harlin Illinois State Water Survey NADP/NTN. Les J. Szabo Jerry L. Johnson Kim P. Nguyen USDA ARS CDL University of Minnesota.

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Rainwater monitoring of rust spores

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  1. Rainwater monitoring of rust spores Charlie Barnes USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory

  2. Rainwater monitoring of rust spores Van Bowersox Karen Harlin Illinois State Water Survey NADP/NTN Les J. Szabo Jerry L. Johnson Kim P. Nguyen USDA ARS CDL University of Minnesota Funding: USDA- ARS, USB and MNSR&PC

  3. Student workers John Bulter Jackie Koch Josh Rosnow Yibai Li Andrea Carlson Faith Durham Kate Butler

  4. Outline • The real-time PCR assay • Project one: Puccinia graminis spores in rain • Project two: Phakopsora pachyrhizi spores in rain

  5. Fungal Fungal ITS2 18S ITS1 5.8S Rust Rust Probe 18S ITS1 5.8S P. graminis nested assay

  6. P. graminis nested assay • Verify amplicon size • Sequence select positives

  7. Project OnePuccinia graminis in rain

  8. NADP sites used to monitor P. graminis in rain in 2004

  9. A typical NADP station

  10. P. graminis project outline • Rain is collected weekly at NADP sites • Rain is sent to Illinois and filtered • Filters are dried and sent overnight • Remove debris from filter (day 1) • DNA is extracted (day 2) • Run real-time PCR assay (day 3)

  11. P. graminis in rain-May 18 Mod. spore load SR field reports

  12. P. graminis in rain-May 25 Mod spore load SR field reports May 18

  13. P. graminis in rain-June 1 Mod spore load SR field reports

  14. P. graminis in rain-June 8 Mod spore load 3 weeks later SR field reports

  15. P. graminis in rain-June 15 3 weeks later Mod spore load SR field reports

  16. P. graminis in rain-June 22 3 weeks later Mod spore load SR field reports

  17. P. graminis in rain-July 20 Mod spore load SR field reports

  18. Summary • Detection limit of 1-10 spores • Detect stem rust spores 3 weeks prior to 1st reported infections consistently along the Puccinia pathway • Regional trends confirms assay • What one would expect from the biology of the organism

  19. Project TwoPhakopsora pachyrhizi in rain Data for 2005 and 2006

  20. Fungal Php specific* ITS2 18S ITS1 5.8S Rust Rust Probe 18S ITS1 5.8S Ph. pachyrhizi nested assay *Frederick et al. 2002

  21. US soybean production 2005by county

  22. NADP sites used to monitor Ph. pachyrhizi in rain

  23. Weekly trends: 2005-2006 2005 2006 Percent Positive May June July Aug. Sept. Oct.

  24. Comparison of 2005 & 2006Geographical Distribution (May-Aug) 2005 2006

  25. Comparison of 2005 & 2006Geographical Distribution (May-Aug) 2005 2006

  26. Comparison of 2005 & 2006Geographical Distribution (May-Aug) 2005 2006

  27. Comparison of 2005 & 2006Geographical Distribution (May-Aug) 2005 2006

  28. ASR field reports 2005

  29. ASR field reports 2006 2005 boundry

  30. Summary • Ph. pachyrhizi spores were detected throughout the soybean growing region of the U.S. • Frequency and spore load increased in 2006. • Detection of spores in rain further north in 2006 matches increase in field reports. • Rain data is consistent with ASR becoming established in Southern U.S. and the Gulf Coast region of Mexico and Central America.

  31. Overall summary • So far, detect 2 rust pathogens in rain • Adaptable assay system • Currently have probes for: • P. coronata (7 different groups) • P. recondita f.sp secalis • P. striiformis • P. triticina • And others

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