Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols

1. ITU-T Workshop on Delivering Good Quality Telecommunication Service in a Safe Environment in Africa(Nairobi, Kenya, 26 July – 27 July 2010 ) Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols Christian BLANCHARD CEO Planet Network International

2. Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols

3. CONTEXT

4. CONTEXT Samsung (Netherlands) cancel delivery of 140 000 non compliant mobile phones BASE STATION DISMANTLING IN FRANCE (decision taken by the court of law): • Bouygues Telecom : 4 Feb 2009 – Tassin demi-lune • SFR : 16 Feb 2009 – Carpentras • Orange : 5 Mar 2009 – Notre Dame d’Alençon How to maintain the coverage by reducing the level of exposure to very low level ? IN FRANCE Grenelle des antennes

5. /10 /5 0,4 W/kg 0,08 W/kg + + + + - - - - + + + + 2 W/kg 4 W/kg ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Thermal effects SAR full body SAR Local 10 g 4 W/kg Basic Restrictions SAR : Specific Absorption Rate

6. Normative SAR Measurement Probe robot Control Software phantom tables Base station emulator Voltmeter liquid positioning device

7. Normative SAR Measurement • 2 Steps for SAR measurement: • Area scan • 4mm from the phantom surface • 8mm between each point • Volume scan above the maximum position • From 175 to 350pts (5 to 10min) • Mean value of the DAS value in a volume of 10 or 1g • 10g : 21mm cube • 1g : 10mm cube

8. Reference Level Reference levels • SAR Measurement is : • complex • long • expensive system • ICNIRP has defined, in parallel of Basic Restriction, the Reference Levels (measurement of electromagnetic field) defined by simulation, conservative. E in V/m 127 V/m 58 V/m 92 V/m 42 V/m Frequency en MHz

9. Workers / General Public limits • ICNIRP defines 2 categories for human exposure: • workers (short exposure duration) • public (long exposure duration) E field in V/m __ Worker __ General Public Frequency in MHz

10. Workers exposure limits In Europe … The workers exposure limits follow the European directive 2004/40/CE of 29 April 2004 for limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields. This directive has to be transposed in the law of the members of the EC and is based on ICNIRP Reference level Which levels to refer to? CENELEC: As a result of the acceptance of the European Directive 2004/40/EC, the European Commission has given a Mandate M/351 to CEN/CENELEC, dated June 2004, to develop harmonized standards for the assessment, measurement and calculation of workers' exposure to static magnetic and varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields with frequencies from 0Hz to 300GHz.  no protocol adopted for the moment How to measure Levels?

11. Workers exposure limits • CENELEC European Directive 2004/40/EC  CENELEC TC 106 WG 4 • Obligation for employer to guarantee the safety of their workers (level of exposure must remain under the ICNIRP reference level). Each country has its own philosophy to make the site safe: • definition of the emitters • definition of the security perimeters by “manual” calculation by simulation using software If obligation of standing near an emitter or in the case of co-sitting site, maintenance, to prevent unexpected emission. control levels using dosimeter

12. Workers / General Public limits E field in V/m __ Worker __ General Public Frequency in MHz

13. Public exposure limits In France … • In France, the decree of May 2002 (n°2002-775) follows the European recommendation (ICNIRP). Verified by licensed companies that makes selective measurement with INSITE Free

14. Public exposure limits In Switzerland

15. Measurement protocol for assessment of public sites In Europe... ECC RECOMMENDATION (02)04 MEASURING NON-IONISING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION (9 kHz – 300 GHz) • This Recommendation specifies in-situ measurement procedures in order to assess electromagnetic fields for the purpose of comparison against limits for human exposure applying in CEPT countries. • The French protocol measurement is based on this recommendation, considering the three decision levels, performing first a broadband scanning with isotropic probes, then a selective frequency check in those places where the first decision level (field higher then 0.28 V/m) is exceeded, and a detailed analysis when the second decision level (>2.8 V/m) is also exceeded.

16. Measurement protocol for assessment of public sites Example: ANFR In-Situ Measurement Process Broad band measurement Selective measurement Particular case study

17. Limitation of in-Situ Protocol Limitation of in-Situ Protocol: These measurement are limited in time… Monitoring solution using INSITE Box …and space Mobile solution using EME Spy

18. Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools Site overview: Emitting antenna Public Area

19. Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools Fixed monitoring using INSITEBox : Mobile monitoring using EME Spy : In-Situ measurement using INSITE Free :

20. Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools Using INSITEBox: Mean : 1,49 V/m Maximum : 1,88 V/m Minimum : 1,03 V/m

21. Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools Using EME Spy:

22. Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools Using INSITE Free: Channel 6 : f= MHz ; E=0,6 V/m Channel 37 : f=942,4 MHz ; E=0,9 V/m Channel 43 : f=943,6 MHz ; E=0,2 V/m Total field=1,1 V/m Extr. Field=1,9 V/m

23. END of The Presentation Thank You!