Opener – half sheet of paper

1. Opener – half sheet of paper 1. Name three types of Architectural structures that you visited in the past week. 2. For each building describe the people who use it, the building’s function, and the building’s design.

2. Architecture Day 1 Agenda Fieldtrip $ and Permission Slip Due Today!! A and B Grades ONLY! See if your name is one the board! • Things To Get: • Pantheon Reading w/ questions • Architecture Note Sheet • Architecture Viewing Guide • Things to Do: • Opener - Pantheon Reading w/ questions • Notes • Architecture Viewing Guide – Pantheon Video

3. Objectives • You will understand that architectural design is composed of elements. • You will know the definitions of these elements. • You will be able to identify structures that illustrate these elements.

4. Elements of Architecture:The Basics of Beautiful Design What elements and principles of architecture do architects include in the design of structures?

5. The Basics of Architecture • Structure • Anything that is built or constructed and has a plan. Seagram Bldg NYC

6. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Post and Lintel • Method of construction in which vertical posts support horizontal lintel, beam. Stonehenge

7. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures Parthenon • Columns • Vertical, round pillar that supports an arch or entablature

8. Three types of Greek Columns Doric -simple capital Ionic -scrolled capital Corinthian -fancy capital

9. Doric Ionic Corinthian

10. Corinthian Column Capital

11. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Parthenon • Colonnade • Line of arches or columns bearing a horizontal entablature. St. Peter’s Square

12. Entablature • The parts of an order between the column capital and the roof or pediment. • It is divided into three parts: architrave, frieze, and cornice.

13. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Arch • Vaulted wall opening that can span large spaces. Colosseum

14. Pont du Gard

15. St. Paul’s Cathedral

16. Types of Arches

17. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Dome -a large hemispherical roof or ceiling -arches are jointed at the top and legs form a circle -creates more expansive space inside a structure -base can be circular or angled Hagia Sophia – square base

18. Pendentives -used for a dome with a square base -triangular space between dome and arches -transfers weight and stress

19. Dome of the RockCircular Base

20. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Spire • a tapering roof or pyramidal construction surmounting a tower Salisbury Cathedral - England

21. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Cantilever • Horizontally projecting beam or part of a structure supported only at one end. Falling Water

22. Cantilever

23. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Buttress • A projecting structure for support to give stability to a load-bearing wall. • Counteracts lateral thrust.

24. The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures • Flying Buttress • Arch commonly seen on the exterior of Gothic cathedrals • Used to support high stone walls by transmitting force to an exterior support. • Counteracts lateral thrust. Notre Dame – Paris France

26. Buttress Flying Buttress

27. Architecture Viewing Guide • Pantheon • Marcus Agrippa • 125 AD • Concrete, marble, granite • Roman Architecture • Rome, Italy • Function:temple then church

28. Day 2 Agenda Fieldtrip $ and Permission Slip Due Today!! A and B Grades ONLY! See if your name is one the board! • Things To Get: • Note Sheet/Parthenon Video Question Sheet • Open Note Quiz • Things to Do: • Structure Review Opener • Finish Viewing Guide on the Pantheon • Elements and Principles of Architecture Notes • Parthenon Video with Questions Exit Slip: Draw the main structures from last class

29. Opener • Take out a blank sheet of paper • Identify the following five structural styles using the terms from last class.

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35. Architecture Viewing Guide • Pantheon • Marcus Agrippa • 125 AD • Concrete, marble, granite • Roman Architecture • Rome, Italy • Function:temple then church

36. Media or Materials -what the structure is made from

37. Function -purpose for which the building was originally designed • The function of a building may change over time but the original purpose still dominates the design. Joe Bologna's

38. Context • Physical • The area on which the building is constructed. • When considering the context of a building, you must also look at the environment. Japanese School

39. Physical Context Leaning Tower of Pisa

40. Context • Todaji Buddhist Temple Nara, Japan All wood construction • Historical/Cultural • The time, place, and culture that influenced the creation of the building.

41. The Elements of Architecture • Line • Where two parts come together Great Pyramid

42. The Elements of Architecture • Color • Colors used on the interior or exterior of the building. Dome of the Rock

43. The Elements of Architecture • Shape/Form • The outline of the building if viewed from the air AND from the ground. St. Paul’s Cathedral - aerial view

44. Shape/Form

45. The Elements of Architecture • Texture • How the building feels or looks • Can be the interior or exterior Guggenheim

46. The Principles of Architecture • Space • The area in and around a building Louvre

47. The Principles of Architecture • Balance • Distribution of weight Eiffel Towel

48. The Principles of Architecture Pompediou Center

49. The Principles of Architecture • Rhythm/Repetition/Pattern • Repeated use of an element Raphael’s Loggia

50. The Principles of Architecture • Emphasis • Calling attention to one part • This is achieved by using the elements and principles of architecture Dome of the Rock