E N D
Module 3 Direct Service Issues This curriculum is intended to be a tool to assist domestic violence service providers offering victim services (such as those outlined in California Penal Code §13823.15-13823.16) for the purpose of ensuring advocates working with survivors meet the requirements of a “Domestic Violence Counselor” pursuant to Evidence Code §1037.1(a)(1).
Objectives • To understand the role of the DV Advocate. • To learn basic counseling skills and how to apply them in such a way as to facilitate change. • To understand the key points necessary in making a successful referral. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 2
Crisis The Chinese word for crisis weijicombines two elements: Danger and Opportunity Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 3
Case Study Assume that the information in this case study was gathered during the intake process. Read the vignette and answer the questions that follow. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 4
Activity “Web of Services” Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 5
Guiding Principles Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 6
What are Guiding Principles? • Fundamental truths or methods of operation that link, direct and show the way. • An anti-oppression approach with a social justice analysis Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 7
Guiding Principle Client Centered Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 8
Guiding Principles Safety Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 9
Guiding Principle Empowerment Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 10
Guiding Principle Advocacy Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 11
Guiding Principle Hope Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 12
Advocacy Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 13
What is Advocacy? • To do something for someone that they cannot do for themselves • To speak on someone’s behalf when they cannot do it for themselves Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 14
Group Discussion What are some examples of advocacy? Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 15
Advocacy • Language Access • Acquire Income • Assist with Social Service System • Refer to Legal Assistance • Secure Childcare • Criminal Justice Advocacy • Obtain Adequate Housing • Facilitate Healing Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 16
Role of the Domestic Violence Advocate • Advocacy • Crisis Counseling/Intervention • Peer Counseling Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 17
Crisis Counseling/Intervention Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 18
What is a Crisis? • A stage in a sequence of events at which the trend of all future events, for better or for worse, is determined; turning point. • A condition of instability or danger, as in social, economic, political, or international affairs, leading to a decisive change. • A dramatic emotional or circumstantial upheaval in a person's life. ("crisis." Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc. 14 Apr. 2007. <Dictionary.com http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/crisis>.) Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 19
Characteristics of Someone in Crisis • Physical: • Shock • Numbness • Frozen • Fight, flight or freeze • Hyperventilation • Slow motion • Adrenaline rush • Heart rate increase Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 20
Characteristics of Someone in Crisis • Emotional: • Shock • Disbelief, Denial • Terror • Confusion • Guilt • Relief • Grief • Loss of Trust Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 21
Crisis Intervention Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 22
Crisis Intervention • Empathy vs. Sympathy • Short Term • Listen and Understand • Danger and Opportunity • Address Safety • Identify Options Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 23
Basic Crisis Intervention Skills • Take a moment to create a clear space externally and internally • Remain calm and centered • Regulate your own feelings and the survivor’s anger and agitation. • Encourage survivor to make decisions for her/his future. • Let the survivor decide her or his own pace for change. (Source: Missouri Coalition Against Domestic Violence Training Manual) Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 24
Basic Crisis Intervention Skills • Be mindful about not imposing your personal values or feelings regarding the situation • Minimize educational, social, and economic differences as much as possible. • Allow the survivor to discuss negative feelings about an abusive partner, but do not reinforce general stereotypes about abusers Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 25
Basic Crisis Intervention Skills • Do not convey disappointment or rejection if a survivor elects to return to an abusive relationship. • Explain all kinds of information thoroughly. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 26
Peer Counseling Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 27
Group Discussion: Peer Counseling What is it? What does it look like? Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 28
Peer Counseling • Active Listening • Reflective Listening • Open Questions • Feedback: Paraphrasing, Summarizing • Building Self-Esteem • Identifying and Prioritizing Needs • Reviewing Options/Establishing Realistic Goals Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 29
Social Justice Context • Recognition of social, economic, cultural, ethnic, racial, and familial influences on a client’s life and choices. • Subordination is identified and sexism in society is explored in relation to domestic violence. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 30
Active Listening • Empathy • Non-Judgmental • Be Aware of Your Body Language • Non-Verbal Cues from Survivor Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 31
Reflective Listening • Listen • Understand • Respond • Reflection • Restate or Paraphrase • Question • Summarize Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 32
Reflective Listening • Questions • Clarifying • Open-Ended • Hypothetical • Consensus Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 33
Reflective Listening • Clarifying Question • I’m not really clear; could you explain that some more? • What does that mean to you? • Do you mean…..? Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 34
Reflective Listening • Hypothetical • Suppose you did it that way… what would happen? • If that didn’t work, what other ways would you explore? • What is the worst thing that could happen? Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 35
Reflective Listening • Consensus • Does this seem to be the problem? • Which of these concerns is more important right now? • Do we agree on what happens next? Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 36
Reflective Listening • Summarize: come to a consensus about the issues at hand and next steps. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 37
Principles of Reflective Listening • Listen more, talk less • Respond to what is personal rather than to what is impersonal. • Clarify and summarize/paraphrase. • Understand the feelings contained in what the other says. • Develop the best possible sense of the other’s frame of reference. • Respond with acceptance and empathy. Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 38
Open Questions • Allows Client to Explore Emotions and Situation • Aware of Self • Take Control • Advocate Cares • Closed vs. Open • Avoid “why” Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 39
Feedback: Paraphrase, Summarize • Counselor/Advocate check, do you understand the client? • Assures client you are listening • Validates survivor’s experience • Allows the survivor to hear their own feelings expressed Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 40
Building Self Esteem • Believe in the survivor’s ability to problem solve • Remember the survivor’s situation and dynamics • Reaffirm the survivor’s strengths • Ask the survivor to identify their own strengths Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 41
Identify & Prioritize Needs • Immediate Needs - Long-Term goals • Safety - Comfort • Personal - Family • Obtainable - Desirable Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 42
Review Options/Establish Realistic Goals • Check in • Assess the survivor’s resources • Review other resources available • Be aware of your own need and your pace Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 43
Incorporating an Empowerment Approach • All work must be empowering • Avoid • Embrace Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 44
Making a Referral • Know your referral agencies • What do you need to know? • Warm vs. Cold Referral Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 45
Role Play Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 46
Documentation • Good documentation is critical. • Documentation can help the survivor in court. • Use survivor’s own words in quotes • Document extensively Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 47
Documentation • Organization Policies Module 3 • Direct Service Issues • Published 2012 • Slide 48
This project was supported by Grant Number G-1101CAFVPS from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) through the California Emergency Management Agency (Cal EMA). The opinions, findings, and conclusions in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of HHS nor Cal EMA. Cal EMA reserves a royalty-free, nonexclusive, and irrevocable license to reproduce, publish, and use these materials and to authorize others to do so.