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Operant Conditioning Cont…. Second Hour – What are some extensions of operant conditioning?. Extensions of Operant Conditioning Primary and secondary reinforcers Negative and positive reinforcement/punishment Therapies based on the different types of punishment and reinforcement.
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Operant ConditioningCont… Second Hour – What are some extensions of operant conditioning? • Extensions of Operant Conditioning • Primary and secondary reinforcers • Negative and positive reinforcement/punishment • Therapies based on the different types of • punishment and reinforcement How do operant and classical conditioning differ? • Classical and operant conditioning – a comparison
Primary reinforcers: Stimuli such as food and water that organisms find naturally reinforcing because they satisfy biological needs. (Not to be confused with unconditioned stimuli) Secondary reinforcers or conditioned reinforcers: Stimuli like money or tokens that take on reinforcing properties through their association with primary reinforcers. Can also include concepts like praise or feedback that take on reinforcing properties through learning. (Not to be confused with conditioned stimuli)
+Rf -Rf Basic paradigms of punishment and reinforcement in operant conditioning: What event followed the response? Stimulus was presented Stimulus was removed Response will increase What will happen to the response? Response will decrease • Punishment • (extinction) + Punishment
Therapies based onpositive reinforcement • Treatment for anorexia • Treatment for social interaction Therapies based on negative reinforcement • Aversion therapy and phobia maintenance Therapies based onnegative punishment • Time out Therapies based on positive punishment • Aversive therapy