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Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny. Western Pioneers New opportunities lured farmers Believed in idea of Manifest Destiny Movement of white settlers provoked Native Americans’ hostility Oregon

callum-shelton
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Manifest Destiny

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  1. Manifest Destiny • Western Pioneers • New opportunities lured farmers • Believed in idea of Manifest Destiny • Movement of white settlers provoked Native Americans’ hostility • Oregon • Great Britain and United States dispute claims over Oregon • Polk ran on issue of “54’40 or Fight!” • After elected, settled with Great Britain on 49th parallel

  2. Manifest Destiny • Texas • Empresariosencouraged Americans to settle Texas • once they settled, Mexico enforced their laws and ways of life • People of Texas fought for independence • Held off Mexican army at Alamo, still lost, but rallied the troops • Defeated Mexico, attempted to join United States • Slavery issue slowed down admittance of Texas • Polk promised to admit Texas in his campaign

  3. Manifest Destiny • War with Mexico • Polk tried to buy California, Mexico wanted nothing to do with US • 1846 – Polk ordered Gen. Zachary Taylor to cross in to territory claimed by both US and Mexico • Mexico fired shots, war began • Sent attacks in three directions • US defeated Mexicans • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • US gained territory • Made the Gadsen Purchase • Mexico accepted Rio Grande as southern border of Texas

  4. Slavery and Westward Expansion • New territories forced Congress to find a new compromise on slavery • Election of 1848, candidates were vague on issue • Zachary Taylor won • Compromise of 1850 • Gold was discovered in California, people rushed out • Californians sought statehood • CA would be admitted as a free state • Tougher Fugitive Slave laws were passed • Underground Railroad • Escape route for Slaves • Harriet Tubman led many

  5. Slavery and Westward Expansion • The Crisis Over Kansas • Need for a transcontinental railroad • Needed to organize territory west of MO, first MO Compromise had to be repealed • Region was divided in to Kansas and Nebraska • Kansas-Nebraska Act passed in 1854 • Issue of slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty • Missourians crossed to vote illegally • Kansas had two governments, slavery and antislavery • “Bleeding Kansas” became the scene of a civil war

  6. Slavery and Westward Expansion • Politics and Sectional Divisions • Repeal of the Missouri Compromise spit the Whig party • Formation of the Free-Soil Party • Recognized as the Republican Party in 1856 • Keep slavery out of the territories • Election of 1856 • Democrat Buchanan won by promising to save the Union • Dred Scott v. Sandford • Dred Scott could not sue because he was not a citizen • Called the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional • Led to intensification of “Bleeding Kansas”

  7. The Union Dissolves • 1859 – John Brown hanged for attempt to begin a rebellion • Abolitionists – martyr • Pro-slavery – just punishment • Election of 1860 • Democratic party was split • Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln • Not an abolitionist, opposed spread of slavery • The South Secedes • Southerners viewed Lincoln as a threat • South Carolina seceded on December 20, 1860 • Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Texas all soon followed • Later Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia

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