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The work of Gregor Mendel

The work of Gregor Mendel. Austrian monk Father of Genetics Previous views of Inheritance Blending Spermists Ovists. “Father of Genetics”. Mendel performed breeding experiments with garden peas Found mathematical patterns of inheritance

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The work of Gregor Mendel

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  1. The work of Gregor Mendel • Austrian monk • Father of Genetics • Previous views of Inheritance • Blending • Spermists • Ovists

  2. “Father of Genetics” • Mendel performed breeding experiments with garden peas • Found mathematical patterns of inheritance • His work was not appreciated until 1900, 16 years after his death

  3. Mendel’s work • Why breed peas? • They were available in many varieties, inexpensive, short life cycle, simple procedures, easy to grow. • The use of plants also allowed strict control over the mating. • He chose to study only characters that varied in an ‘either-or’ rather than a ‘more-or-less’ manner.

  4. Tracking heritable characteristics • Mendel tracked heritable characters for 3 generations. • When F1 hybrids were allowed to self-pollinate a 3:1 ratio of the 2 varieties occurred in the F2 generation.

  5. Interpreting Mendel’s Data

  6. Mendel’s Observations • “dominant” vs “recessive” • Before “genes” and “meiosis” was thought of, Mendel theorized that “inheritance factors”… • are in the pollen and ova of peas as alternate forms for different traits. • occur in pairs, (equal contribution from both parents) • separate during gamete formation and pair up again at fertilization

  7. Mendel’s Law of Segregation • Each hereditary characteristic is controlled by two factors (alleles) that separate and pass into reproductive cells (gametes).

  8. Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment • Pairs of inheritance factors (alleles) segregate independently of each other when sex cells (gametes) are formed.

  9. Tongue Roller (T) Free Earlobes (F) Dimples (D) Widow’s Peak (P) Can’t roll tongue (t) Attached lobes (f) No dimples (d) Straight hairline (w) Mendelian Inheritance in Humansdominant recessive

  10. Genetics and Probability • See handout and discuss… • Coin flipping • Card picking • Grab colored marbles

  11. Some Vital Vocab. • Genetics • Gene vs Chromosome • Alleles • Dominant vs Recessive

  12. Some Vital Vocab. • Genotype vs Phenotype • Homozygous vs Heterozygous • Diploid vs Haploid • Mitosis vs Meiosis • Zygote

  13. Problem Solving from Mendelian Genetics • Consider inheritance patterns for • Cystic fibrosis • Huntington’s disease • Hemophelia • Colorblindness pedigree

  14. Exceptions to Complete Dominance • Polygenic Traits • Intermediate Expression (aka incomplete dominance) • Multiple Alleles • Several described at this link!

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