Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes

1. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

2. Questions / Comments

3. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

4. Aerodynamics • Aerodynamics concerns the motion of air and other gaseous fluids and other forces acting on objects in motion through the air (gases). • In effect, Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (aircraft), the movement (Relative Wind), and the air (Atmosphere).

5. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

6. Newton’s Laws of Motion • Newton's three laws of motion are: • Inertia - A body at rest will remain at rest. and a body in motion will remain in motion at the same speed and direction until affected by some external force. • Nothing starts or stops without an outside force to bring about or prevent motion. Hence, the force with which a body offers resistance to change is called the force of inertia.

7. Newton’s Laws of Motion • Newton's three laws of motion are: • Acceleration - The force required to produce a change in motion of a body is directly proportional to its mass and the rate of change in its velocity. • Acceleration refers either to an increase or a decrease in velocity, although Deceleration is commonly used to indicate a decrease.

8. Newton’s Laws of Motion • Newton's three laws of motion are: • Action / Reaction - For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. • If an interaction occurs between two bodies, equal forces in opposite directions will be imparted to each body.

9. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

10. Who is Daniel Bernoulli? • For Lift to occur - The pressure on top of the airfoil must be less than the pressure below. • The airfoil has no choice but to move upward.

11. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

12. Who is Daniel Bernoulli? • Camber determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed • The thicker or more pronounced the camber – the more lift. • At low speeds its best to have a high-lift airfoil.

13. Warm-Up – 3/26 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: • Aerodynamics is concerned with the object (________), the movement (_______ ______), and the air (___________). • What are the three Newton’s laws of motion? • In order to generate lift, the speed of air across the top of the airfoil must move (faster or slower). • What item of an airfoil determines the amount of lift an airfoil will produce at a given speed? • What force opposes Lift?

14. Forces of Flight

15. The Forces of Flight • The four forces of flight are: • Lift • Drag • Thrust • Weight • Taking Flight • Thrust balances drag • Lift balances weight • More thrust than drag makes a plane accelerate • More lift than weight makes a plane climb

16. Questions / Comments

17. March 2014

18. Questions / Comments

19. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1922 — One of the first small commercial transport aircraft built upon experience from passenger flying and the requirements of airline operators, makes its first flight from Edgware, near London. • The 10-seat passenger DH.34, with a top speed of 128 mph and a cruising speed of 105 mph has a range of 365 miles.

20. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1923 — Lieut. R. Maughan, USAS, flies one kilometer at 236.587 mph in Curtiss-Army R-6 Racer at McCook Field, Dayton Ohio.

21. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1929 — Martin Jensen sets world solo duration record of 35 hours 33 minutes 20 seconds, flying over Roosevelt Field, Long Island, New York (Bellanca with Wright engine.)

22. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1934 — Piloted by John Lankester Parker and with three passengers on board, the first landplane derivative of the Short “Kent” flying boat takes off to the air for the first time. • Named “Scylla” (G-ACJJ), the big biplane is followed by “Scyrinx” (G-ACJK) for the busy Imperial Airways routes into continental Europe.

23. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1938 — Arthur Clouston and Victor Ricketts land their DH.88 “Comet” Australian Anniversary at Gravesend in Kent, England to complete a 26,500-mile flight from England to New Zealand and back in a record 10 days 21 hours.

24. THIS DAY IN AVIATION • March 26 • 1949 — The first 10-engine aircraft, the Consolidated Vultee B-36, made its first successful test flight.

25. Questions / Comments

26. Website of the Day http://howthingsfly.si.edu/

27. Chapter 7 – Basic Aeronautics and Aerodynamics

28. Today’s Mission Requirements • Mission: • Describe the four forces of flight. • Describe the relationship between Lift and Weight. • Describe the relationship between Thrust and Drag. • Describe the effects of turbulence on an airfoil. • Describe what happens during a stall. • Describe Weight Distribution and its importance with an aircraft. • Describe Thrust Vectoring. • Describe Induced Drag. • EQ: Explain the basics of aeronautics and aerodynamics.

29. Forces of Flight

30. Forces of Flight

31. The Forces of Flight • The four forces of flight are: • Lift • Drag • Thrust • Weight • Taking Flight • Thrust balances drag • Lift balances weight • More thrust than drag makes a plane accelerate • More lift than weight makes a plane climb

32. The Forces of Flight • Lift Overcomes Weight • Lift can be increased by changing the camber, or curvature, of the airfoil shape of the wing. • This is known as induced lift.

33. Under what weather condition and altitude level would I get the most lift?

34. The Forces of Flight • Weight directly opposes lift and must be overcome. • Light materials are used for building planes and a weight restriction on cargo is used as well.

35. The Forces of Flight • Thrust and Drag • The ultimate goal is to design a plane that produces a lot of thrust but weighs very little.

36. The Forces of Flight • Thrust and Drag • Drag opposes all motion through the atmosphere. • Thrust must be greater than the weight and drag combined. • In small aircraft the weight/thrust ratio is about. 10:1.

37. Real World Lift and Weight • Turbulence reduces the efficiency of the airfoil • Stalls • When the air next to a wing’s surface separates, it flows more slowly and loses its lift capability

38. Real World Lift and Weight • Weight Distribution • Where the weight is placed in an airplane has a profound effect on the plane.

39. Real World Lift and Weight • Each aircraft has a total weight limitation • called maximum gross weight • Above this weight is unsafe for flight • Max Gross Weight • Empty Weight • Useful load • Max Wt – Empty Wt

40. Real World Thrust and Drag • Thrust propels an aircraft forward • Drag opposes all motion • Friction Drag • Air across the surface • Form Drag • Shape of an item • Speedbrake

42. Real World Thrust and Drag • Induced Drag is a component of lift that adds to the drag

43. Real World Thrust and Drag • Thrust Vectoring allows for a plane’s thrust to be pointed in a particular direction

44. Questions / Comments

45. Today’s Mission Requirements • Mission: • Describe the four forces of flight. • Describe the relationship between Lift and Weight. • Describe the relationship between Thrust and Drag. • Describe the effects of turbulence on an airfoil. • Describe what happens during a stall. • Describe Weight Distribution and its importance with an aircraft. • Describe Thrust Vectoring. • Describe Induced Drag. • EQ: Explain the basics of aeronautics and aerodynamics.

46. The Forces of Flight • The four forces of flight are: • Lift • Drag • Thrust • Weight • Taking Flight • Thrust balances drag • Lift balances weight • More thrust than drag makes a plane accelerate • More lift than weight makes a plane climb

47. Today’s Mission Requirements • Mission: • Describe the four forces of flight. • Describe the relationship between Lift and Weight. • Describe the relationship between Thrust and Drag. • Describe the effects of turbulence on an airfoil. • Describe what happens during a stall. • Describe Weight Distribution and its importance with an aircraft. • Describe Thrust Vectoring. • Describe Induced Drag. • EQ: Explain the basics of aeronautics and aerodynamics.

48. The Forces of Flight • Lift Overcomes Weight • Lift can be increased by changing the camber, or curvature, of the airfoil shape of the wing. • This is known as induced lift.

49. Today’s Mission Requirements • Mission: • Describe the four forces of flight. • Describe the relationship between Lift and Weight. • Describe the relationship between Thrust and Drag. • Describe the effects of turbulence on an airfoil. • Describe what happens during a stall. • Describe Weight Distribution and its importance with an aircraft. • Describe Thrust Vectoring. • Describe Induced Drag. • EQ: Explain the basics of aeronautics and aerodynamics.

50. The Forces of Flight • Thrust and Drag • Drag opposes all motion through the atmosphere. • Thrust must be greater than the weight and drag combined. • In small aircraft the weight/thrust ratio is about. 10:1.