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Chapter 16 Section 3

Chapter 16 Section 3. Segregation and Discrimination. Objectives: Trace the development of legal discrimination against African Americans in the South and their struggle against it. Summarize turn-of-the-century race relations in the North as well as the South.

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Chapter 16 Section 3

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  1. Chapter 16 Section 3 Segregation and Discrimination Objectives: Trace the development of legal discrimination against African Americans in the South and their struggle against it. Summarize turn-of-the-century race relations in the North as well as the South.

  2. The Fight Against Discrimination • Towards the turn of the Century the failures of reconstruction became obvious • Voting restrictions (Literacy tests, poll taxes) • The Grandfather clause • The Supreme Court did not overturn these laws (US v. Reese 1876) • Why?

  3. Jim Crow • Southern States passed “Jim Crow” laws to separate white and black people in both public and private spaces….Segregation • Schools, parks, hospitals, transportation etc… • Plessy V. Ferguson • “Separate but Equal” is not in violation of 14th Amendment

  4. Living with “Jim Crow” laws

  5. Second class status • Informal etiquette as well • Sidewalks, hats, handshake • Not following these rules could lead to loss of employment, beatings or worse • Lynching (1885-1900.. 2,500 people lynched, burned or shot)

  6. W.E.B. DuBois • Demanded full social and economic equality • “Persistent manly agitation is the way to liberty” Booker T. Washington • Gradual approach • Emphasized economic opportunity • Ida B. Wells • Teacher and editor • Fought against racial violence by writing, lecturing, and organizing for civil rights • Moved from Memphis to the North to escape the violence

  7. Discrimination in the West MEXICANS CHINESE • Performed manual labor in the Southwest • Mining, agriculture, irrigation projects, railroads • Often forced into debt peonage • Immigration jumped 7K to 100,000 K from 1820-1850 • Many were successful in business and whites were becoming afraid • Forced into segregated neighborhoods and schools • Chinese Exclusion Act - 1882

  8. TERMS • Ida B. Wells • Literacy test • Poll tax • Grandfather clause • Jim Crow laws • Segregation • Plessy v. Ferguson • Debt peonage • Objectives: • Trace the development of legal discrimination against African Americans in the South and their struggle against it. • Summarize turn-of-the-century race relations in the North as well as the South.

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