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Notes 59

Notes 59 . Squares and Square Roots. Vocabulary. Square root- A number that when multiplied by itself forms a product. Principal square root- the nonnegative square root Perfect square- a number that has integers as its square roots. 6 2 = 36 36 = 6.

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Notes 59

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  1. Notes 59 Squares and Square Roots

  2. Vocabulary Square root- A number that when multiplied by itself forms a product. Principal square root- the nonnegative square root Perfect square- a number that has integers as its square roots

  3. 62 = 36 36 = 6 Think about the relationship between the area of a square and the length of one of its sides. area = 36 square units side length = 6 units because 62=36 A number that when multiplied by itself to form a product is the square rootof that product. Taking the square root of a number is the inverse of squaring the number.

  4. Caution! –49 is not the same as – 49. A negative number has no real square root. Every positive number has two square roots, one positive and one negative. The radical symbol indicates the nonnegative or principal square root. The symbol – is used to indicate the negative square root. The numbers 16, 36, and 49 are examples of perfect squares. A perfect square is a number that has integers as its square roots. Other perfect squares include 1, 4, 9, 25, 64, and 81.

  5. 49 = 7 49 = –7 – 100 = 10 100 = –10 – 225 = 15 225 = –15 – Additional Example: 1 Finding the Positive and Negative Square Roots of a Number Find the two square roots of each number. A. 49 7 is a square root, since 7 • 7 = 49. –7 is also a square root, since –7 • –7 = 49. B. 100 10 is a square root, since 10 • 10 = 100. –10 is also a square root, since –10 • –10 = 100. C. 225 15 is a square root, since 15 • 15 = 225. –15 is also a square root, since –15 • –15 = 225.

  6. Check It Out: Example 1 Find the two square roots of each number. A. 81 B. 144 C. 324

  7. So 169 = 13. Remember! The area of a square is s2, where s is the length of a side. Additional Example 2: Application A square window has an area of 169 square inches. How wide is the window? Write and solve an equation to find the area of the window. 132 = 169 Use the positive square root; a negative length has no meaning. The window is 13 inches wide.

  8. Check It Out: Example 2 A square window has an area of 225 square inches. How wide is the window?

  9. 3 36 + 7 3 36 + 7 = 3(6) + 7 Additional Example 3A: Evaluating Expressions Involving Square Roots Simplify the expression. Evaluate the square root. = 18 + 7 Multiply. = 25 Add.

  10. 25 16 3 4 3 4 25 16 = 1.5625. 1.5625 = + Additional Example 3B: Evaluating Expressions Involving Square Roots Simplify the expression. + 3 4 Evaluate the square roots. = 1.25 + = 2 Add.

  11. 2 121 + 9 Check It Out: Example 3A Simplify each expression.

  12. 16 36 16 36 2 3 2 3 Check It Out: Example 3B Simplify each expression. +

  13. –5 336 + 25 Check It Out: Example 3C Simplify each expression.

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