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CLASSES OF DRUGS

CLASSES OF DRUGS. Ivana Tkalčić Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat. Analgesics. Mild (headache, myalgia, toothache) Narcotic (opioid) -induce stupor -used only to relieve severe pain Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Anesthetics. Reduce or eliminate sensation

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CLASSES OF DRUGS

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  1. CLASSES OF DRUGS Ivana Tkalčić Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

  2. Analgesics • Mild (headache, myalgia, toothache) • Narcotic (opioid) -induce stupor -used only to relieve severe pain • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

  3. Anesthetics • Reduce or eliminate sensation • General or local anesthetics

  4. Antibiotics and antivirals • Antibiotics - produced by microorganisms - inhibit or kill bacteria, fungi or parasites - caution about the use of antibiotics • Antivirals - used against viruses (EBV, CMV,HIV)

  5. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs • Prevent blood clotting • Thrombosis and embolism • Transfusion • Heparin • Antiplatelet drugs reduce tendency of platelets to stick together

  6. Anticonvulsants • Prevent or reduce the frequency of convulsions in various types of epilepsy

  7. Antidepressants • Treat symptoms of depression • Tricyclics (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) • Lithium

  8. Antidiabetics • Treat diabetes mellitus • Type 1 – daily injections of insulin • Type 2 – oral antidiabetic drugs (sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones and meglitinides)

  9. Antihistamines • Block the action of histamine • Cannot cure alergic reactions but relieve symptoms • Many side effects

  10. Cardiovascular drugs • Act on the heart or blood vessels • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors • Angiotensin ll receptor antagonists • Antiarrhythmics • Beta-blockers • Calcium antagonists or calcium channel blockers

  11. Cholesterol-lowering drugs (cholestyramine and statins) • Diuretics

  12. Endocrine drugs • Act in the same manner as naturally occuring hormones • Androgens • Antiandrogens • Estrogens • Antiestrogens • Aromatase inhibitors • Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) • Progestins

  13. Thyroid hormone • Glucocorticoids

  14. Gastrointestinal drugs • Used to relieve uncomfortable and potentially dangerous symptoms • Antacids • Antiulcer drugs • Antidiarrheal drugs • Cathartics – laxatives and purgatives • Antinauseants

  15. Respiratory drugs • Treat asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and bronchospasm • Bronchodilators • Steroid drugs • Leukotriene modifiers

  16. Sedatives, hypnotics and tranquilizers • Depress central nervous system, promote drowsiness and sleep • Insomnia and other sleep disorders • Tranquilizers – for controlling anxiety

  17. Stimulants • Act on the brain to speed up vital processes in case of shock and collapse • Amphetamines • Caffeine

  18. THANK YOU!

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