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Fall of Mongols/Ming Dynasty Overview

Explore the events and key questions surrounding the collapse of the Mongol Empire and the revival of Chinese culture under the Ming Dynasty. Discover the impact of Confucian policies, the Zheng He voyages, and the Ming Cultural Height. Compare Chinese Ming art with European Renaissance art.

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Fall of Mongols/Ming Dynasty Overview

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  1. Fall of Mongols/Ming Dynasty Overview

  2. Big Questions • What were some of the issues which led to the collapse of the Mongol Empire? • How did Confucian policies differ from those of Emperor Yongle? • For what purpose were the Zheng He voyages commissioned? • In what ways was the Ming Dynasty a revival of Chinese culture, like the Renaissance was a revival of European culture?

  3. You Khant Always Get What You Want: The Fallout of the Yuan Dynasty • Inter-Mongol fighting • TAX FARMING = Peasant Rebellions • Plague (1340s)… Effects of the Plague… • Mongols out of China by 1368

  4. Ming Dynasty Map

  5. Confucian Exam System Comes Back! • Chinese goods = superior (porcelain, silk, paper, etc.) • Europeans traded silver for these luxuries– more silver to China from Americas than any other society

  6. Main Debate of the Ming Dynasty • Should China focus on internal defense or external displays of power?

  7. No More Mongol for You! • Inward-Focused Policies: 1) Banned overseas voyages 2) Didn’t focus on going OUT and trading (merchants viewed badly again) 3) Protect from scary pastoralists to the North Assumption = People will come to China b/c it is awesome. China does not need to go to others.

  8. Great Wall of China

  9. New Emperor’s Groove • New Emperor Yongle in 1403 • Establishes new Outward-Focused Policies • Trade increased • Built up the Forbidden City • Zheng He’s Voyages

  10. Zheng He’s Voyages

  11. Each ship 400’ long & 160’ wide • Fleet of 57 vessels • 7 voyages- approx. 28,000 traveled • Goals= (Aim to Awe, NOT Attack & NOT Trade) 1) Show off Ming greatness 2) Establish tribute states

  12. Ming Cultural Height • Porcelain and Painting reach new levels of greatness • Emperor’s use of Confucian rituals & art to legitimize rule & establish power become more important

  13. Ming Art Characteristics • Mimicked style of previous CHINESE Dynasties (like Song) • Focus on Confucian harmony • Focus on NATURE, not humans (the opposite of Renaissance art! • Used to display power • Use of Porcelain – especially blue and white ware

  14. Blue and White Ming ware

  15. The picture on the gate above shows a Confucian scholar on the left at a desk. It is basically a propaganda piece showing how the elites bring harmony to society.

  16. Big Questions • What were some of the issues which led to the collapse of the Mongol Empire? • How did Confucian policies differ from those of Emperor Yongle? • For what purpose were the Zheng He voyages commissioned? • How is European Renaissance art and art of the Ming Dynasty to be compared?

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