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The Geography of Greece

The Geography of Greece. Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE. Bronze Age Greece. Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos ). Knossos : Minoan Civilization. Minoan Civilization. The Mycenaean Civilization. Homer : The “Heroic Age”. The Mask of Agamemnon. "Hellenic" (Classical)

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The Geography of Greece

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  1. The Geography of Greece

  2. Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE

  3. Bronze Age Greece

  4. Crete: Minoan Civilization(Palace at Knossos)

  5. Knossos: Minoan Civilization

  6. Minoan Civilization

  7. The Mycenaean Civilization

  8. Homer: The “Heroic Age”

  9. The Mask of Agamemnon

  10. "Hellenic" (Classical) Greece: 700 BCE - 324 BCE

  11. ATHENS: 700’sbce-300’sbce

  12. Piraeus: Athens’ Port City

  13. Early Athenian Lawgivers • Draco First written code created around 621 • “draconian” • Solon(archon in 594 B.C.) • Outlawed selling people into slavery to pay their debt • Divided citizens into 4 groups based on wealth: wealthiest 2 could hold office • Cleisthenes • created the first democracy

  14. 3 class groups Citizens: extended to all those born in Athens, only the men had political rights Metics: born outside Athens, free and had to pay taxes but had no political rights and could not own land Slaves: captured in war, together with metics made up more than half of Athenian society Athenian Society

  15. Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE

  16. Persian Wars • The War begins: real vs Hollywood! • http://youtu.be/EmOH5f1J1Uc • Marathon (490 BCE) • 26 miles from Athens • Thermopylae (480 BCE) • 300 Spartans at the mountain pass • Death of Leonidas • Salamis (480 BCE) • Athenian navy victorious • Final Victory: Battle of Plataea http://youtu.be/Qsma7OGcp6A

  17. Golden “Age of Pericles”:460 BCE – 429 BCE

  18. The Delian League Thasos Lesbos Delos Naxos Melos

  19. The Age of Pericles • Not only did Pericles bring great changes to the government of Greece, he also brought great changes to the nature of art and progress of his time. • The great structures of Greece, The New Temple of Athena and the Parthenon among others, were built during his time. Not only did Pericles use these structures to change the face of Greek art and the cultural pulse of the nation but he also used them for political reasons as well.

  20. Great Athenian Philosophers • Socrates • Know thyself! • question everything • only the pursuit of goodnessbrings happiness. • Plato • The Academy • The world of the FORMS • The Republic philosopher-king

  21. Great Athenian Philosophers • Aristotle • The Lyceum • “Golden Mean” [everything inmoderation]. • Logic. • Scientific method.

  22. Athens: The Arts & Sciences • DRAMA (tragedians): • Aeschylus • Sophocles • EuripidesTHE SCIENCES: • Pythagoras • Democritus  all matter made up of small atoms. • Hippocrates  “Father of Medicine”

  23. Phidias’ Acropolis

  24. The Acropolis Today

  25. The Parthenon

  26. The Agora

  27. The Classical Greek “Ideal”

  28. Olympia

  29. The Ancient Olympics:Athletes & Trainers

  30. Olympia: Temple to Hera

  31. The 2004 Olympics

  32. SPARTA

  33. SPARTA Helots Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.

  34. 3 social groups Equals: descended from the invaders, controlled Sparta Half-citizens: free, paid taxes and served in the army but had no political power, some farmed but others worked in the city as traders or artisans Helots: slaves, greatly outnumbered the other groups so Spartans used force to control them, in large part this is why Sparta became a military city-state Spartan society

  35. Two kings led Sparta 1 king handled military 1 king took care of domestic matters A council of Elders Made up of 28 male citizens over the age of 60 Proposed laws and served as a criminal court An assembly Included all male citizens over 30 Elected 5 ephors Made sure the kings stayed within the law Elected for a 1 year term Controlled the education of Spartans Spartan Government

  36. Peloponnesian Wars

  37. Macedonia Under Philip II

  38. "Hellenistic" Greece: 324 BCE - 100 BCE

  39. Alexander the Great

  40. Alexander the Great’s Empire

  41. Alexander the Great in Persia

  42. The Hellenization of Asia

  43. Pergamum: A Hellenistic City

  44. The Economy of the Hellenistic World

  45. Hellenistic Philosophers • Cynics  Diogenes • ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries. • citizens of the world. • live a humble, simple life. • Epicurians Epicurus • avoid pain & seek pleasure. • all excess leads to pain! • politics should be avoided.

  46. Hellenistic Philosophers • Stoics  Zeno • nature is the expansion of divine will. • concept of natural law. • get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but toperform virtuous acts for the good of all. • true happiness is found ingreat achievements.

  47. Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences • Scientists / Mathematicians: • Aristarchus  heliocentric theory. • Euclid  geometry • Archimedes  pulley • Hellenistic Art: • More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art. • Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!

  48. The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

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