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Justified True Belief Versus Gettier Problem

Justified True Belief Versus Gettier Problem. Philosophy - Epistemology. Justified True Belief. A person “S” knows that a proposition “P” is true if and only if: P is true S believes that P is true, and S is justified in believing that P is true.

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Justified True Belief Versus Gettier Problem

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  1. Justified True Belief Versus Gettier Problem Philosophy - Epistemology

  2. Justified True Belief A person “S” knows that a proposition “P” is true if and only if: P is true S believes that P is true, and S is justified in believing that P is true To the left is the normal argument for: Justified True Belief = Knowledge • Justified: If you know something, you need good reason to believe it...others with authority agree with you. • True: Knowledge is about truth. Knowledge latches onto truth. • Belief: To “know” something is to believe that is true. A hunch is not enough.

  3. Justified True Belief (cont.) Justified: If you know something, you need good reason to believe it. *For Example: If Jed believes a triangle has 3 sides, but he believes this because his dog told him so, it is not “justified.” It’s just accidently true. True: Knowledge is about truth. *For Example: If it turns out that Jed’s dog was “false” and a triangle actually had 4 sides, we would say: “He thought he knew about triangles, but he was wrong.” Belief: To “know” something is to believe it is true. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxgeQ9Jw-mk Watch until 1:30

  4. The gettier problem(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lB-XJjmvoE )

  5. Definition of a gettier Problem • An argument whose justification provides good support for the conclusion, but is not perfect and can leave room for a false outcome. Thus, debunking JTB.

  6. Another Example of a gettier Problem:The Pyromaniac • A pyromaniac reaches for his pack of Sure-Fire matches. He has excellent evidence from past reliability of these particular matches as well as of the present favorable environmental conditions. He is a pyromaniac after all. Thus, he has good justification for believing that the Sure-Fire match will light on the first strike. • And, this is exactly what occurs. However, unbeknownst to him, Sure-Fire is affiliated with the Great Value matches company. (whose matches do not have nearly the same reliability.) On this particular order, the company accidently mismarked the Great Value matches with the Sure-Fire logo. Consequently, the pyromaniac’s belief that the match will light on the first strike is well justified, but is it really knowledge?

  7. Create your own Gettier Problem! Gettier argues that “Truth” is the most difficult to establish! You can find out someone’s beliefs by asking them. We can fairly easily determine standards of justification. BUT, truth is very tricky! Let’s finish the video we started… Alone or in pairs, take some time to create your own “Gettier Problem” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxgeQ9Jw-mk Watch from 1:30 to the end

  8. Student Example:Gettier Problem • “You’re at a grocery store and you decide to buy some cereal. The cereal you grab is on a shelf labeled $5. Accidently, this $10 cereal was put on the wrong shelf. However, unbeknownst to you, all cereal in the grocery store is ½ off. When you go to checkout, it costs $5…you’re right, yet wrong.” • -Jessie Glatz, 2019 SV Graduate

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