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The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming

The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming. Presentation by : Ana Leonardo (49081 ) and Francisca Felix (50287) Master students in Aquaculture and Fisheries , Algarve University. Obstacles. control artificial reproduction; control mating;

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The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming

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  1. The impact of breeding on productivity of Atlantic Salmon and Rainbow Trout farming Presentationby: Ana Leonardo (49081) and Francisca Felix (50287) MasterstudentsinAquacultureandFisheries, Algarve University

  2. Obstacles • control artificial reproduction; • control mating; • Difficulties of hatching and feeding larvae and fry. • High fertility; • External fertilization; • Low expenses for broodstockmaintenance; • More efficient breeding programmes design. Advantages

  3. Examples of phenotypic traits of economic importance Food conversion efficiency Growth rate Age at sexual maturity Survival/disease resistance Body quality Fecundity

  4. Inbreeding Crossbreeding Purebreeding Breeding strategies

  5. Inbreeding “It is as important to prevent production losses due to inbreeding, as it is to increase production from genetic enhancement.”(Dunham et al., 2001)

  6. Purebreeding

  7. Sexmanipulation

  8. Mainproblems Environmental Research Economic and consumer issues Political issues Ethics

  9. 65% ofallthesalmonandrainbowtroutproduced in Norwayisgeneticallyimprovedfish.

  10. Norway

  11. Gene bank in Norway

  12. Programs for conservation and/or harvest

  13. Mixed-milt fertilizations

  14. Wild-breeding Captive-breeding

  15. In wild Salmosalarpopulations

  16. Problems in river management Impact in wild populations

  17. Genetic profile of wild populations Decreases populations productivity

  18. Tummel River’s Case Impact in Fisheries

  19. Final concerns New informationsofbreedingconsequenceswillbeprovided as generationsofSalmo salarandOncorynchusmykissappear; Efforts to avoidthe escape offarmedfishmustbemade; New alternativesmustarrise, sincemanyexploration sites still use milt-mixedfertilizations. THANKS

  20. References • Dunham, R. (1996). Results of early pond-based studies of risk assessment regarding aquatic GMOs. 126th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Dearborn, MI, August 26-29 1996. Abstract No. 381; • Dunham, R.A., Majumdar, K., Hallerman, E., Bartley, D., Mair, G., Hulata, G., Liu, Z., Pongthana, N., Bakos, J., Penman, D., Gupta, M., Rothlisberg, P. & Hoerstgen-Schwark, G. (2001). Review of the status of aquaculture genetics. In R.P. Subasinghe, P. Bueno, M.J. Phillips, C. Hough, S.E. McGladdery & J.R. Arthur, eds. Aquaculture in the Third Millennium. Technical Proceedings of the Conference on Aquaculture in the Third Millennium, Bangkok, Thailand, 20-25 February 2000. pp. 137-166. NACA, Bangkok and FAO, Rome; • Monahan, R. L. (1993). An Overview Of Salmon Aquaculture. In Salmon Aquaculture, edited by K. Heen, R. L. Monahan and F. Utter, 1-9. England: Fishing News Books. • Myhr, A.I. & Dalmo, R.A. (2004). Introduction of genetic engineering in aquaculture: ecological and ethical implications for science and governance. Aquaculture250: 542-554; • Rudolfsen, G., Figenschou, L., Folstad, I., Tveiten, H., Figenschou, M., (2006). Rapid adjustments of sperm characteristics in relation to social status. Proceedings of the Royal Society B273: 325–332; • Shearer, W.M. (1992). The Atlantic Salmon: Natural History, Exploitation and Future Management. Fishing News Book; • Wedekind, C., Rudolfsen, G., Jacob, A., Urbach, D. & Muller, R. (2007). The genetic consequences of hatchery-induced sperm competition in a salmonid. Biological conservation 137: 180-188;

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