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The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 1

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 1. Diaz. Diaz retires in France. - Diaz arrests Madero . The Beginning – 1910 election. - Plan of San Luis Potosi Nov 20,1910. - U.S. Involvement. - May 1911: Treaty of Ciudad Juarez. Francisco Madero – wealthy hacendado of Coahuila.

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The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 1

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  1. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 1 Diaz Diaz retires in France - Diaz arrests Madero The Beginning – 1910 election - Plan of San Luis Potosi Nov 20,1910 - U.S. Involvement - May 1911: Treaty of Ciudad Juarez Francisco Madero – wealthy hacendado of Coahuila

  2. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 2 • Pancho Villa – Robin Hood of the North - Outlaw, miner, cattle rustler, & bank robber - Bandito to Revolutionary joins Madero - Division del Norte Army of Chihuahua Pancho Villa http://www.pickatrail.com/jupiter/location/north_america/mexico/chihuahua.html

  3. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 3 • Emiliano Zapata – Revolutionary Idealist of the South - Son of a small farmer of Morelos • Influenced by Mexican Liberal Party (PLM) • PLM founder Ricardo Flores Magon Emiliano Zapata • Motto: Tierra y libertad “Land & liberty” - Land to be returned to the ejido, communal holdings

  4. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 4 Madero’s Presidency: Oct 1911 – Feb 1913 • Change: • Trade union support • Casa del Obrero Mundial - Vision of democracy - limited No Change: - Leaves much of Diaz political & military structure in place for stability Interim president: Francisco León de la Barra - Opposed to radical land reform • Caught between reactionaries & radicals - Madero loses American support …1912 1000,000 troops on border

  5. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 5 Victoriano Huerta’s Dictatorship Feb 1913- July 1914 - Backed by U.S. - Overthrows Madero - Wealthy land owners, capitalists, Church - RIP Madero Victoriano Huerta - Labor unions shut down Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson

  6. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 6 US Intervention - Taft out Wilson in • Huerta suspends interests payments on national debt - The Excuse: Arrest of US soldiers - April - Nov, 1914 US invasion of Veracruz Moral Diplomacy American ships at Veracruz

  7. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 6 Two New Contender s: Venustiano Carranza - Previous supporter of Diaz then Madero - Leader Constitutionalist Army in Coahuila - March 1913 Plan of Guadalupe & Alvaro Obregon Carranza - Chick-pea farmer of Sonora • Talented military leader - Army of the Northwest, allies with Carranza over Villa Obregon

  8. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 7 Fighting amongst Revolutionaries - Villa/Zapata vs Carranza/Obregon • Oct 1914 Convention of Aguascalientes • Zapata – Plan of Ayala – land reform. • Gutierrez, Carranza’s general selected president - not Carranza - Carranza flees to Veracruz, promises social reforms to ALL - January 1915, Obregon’s troops hold Mexico City • 1915, Woodrow Wilson acknowledges • Carranza’s ascendancy

  9. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 8 Constitution of 1917 • - Article 3 and the Church - Articles 34 and 35 - Article 123 - Article 27 Asuncion Ocotlan Church “Fruits of Labor” Diego Rivera Hermila Galido de Topete – Women’s equality leader

  10. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 9 Carranza’s Presidency - May 1, 1915 - Independent judiciary - Land reform - What to do about Villa and Zapata? - "Red Battalions"

  11. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 10 Carranza’s Presidency • August 1916, the Casa del Obrero Mudial • forcibly disbanded • - Did not implement reform articles of constitution • - Foreign policy - Zapata killed April10, 1919

  12. The Revolution and its Leaders (1910-17) 11 • Election of 1920 - Puts forth Ignacio Bonillas as successor - Obregon calls for Carranza to be removed - Carranza flees - Adolfo de la Huerta becomes prov. Pres. - Obregon’s election is certain outcome - Reconstruction can begin Ignacio Bonillas Adolfo de la Huerta Álvaro Obregón

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