Volcanoes

1. Volcanoes By Cassidy

2. Where are Volcanoes??? This map shows where the plate boundaries are. The red places mark where the plates are. Some of the big volcanoes are, Mount St. Helens in Washington, Valles Caldera in New Mexico, and Krakatoa in Indonesia.

3. How often does this ashful explosion happen??? This event happens every day, all over the world. Volcanoes never move. They always stay on the same ground, in the same Country/State. Volcanoes don’t have a specific season. They just go off whenever they want.

4. What structures/features are directly involved with your disaster??? For an underwater volcano, water. For a volcano that is above water, Ring of Fire, mountains, rock, and Hotspots. The Ring of Fire is land that is in the shape of a circle and all along the border of this land there are lots and lots of volcanoes.

5. Describe a typical occurrence of your event, what usually happens??? It was a dark, late night. The owls were hooting and the cats, curled up on the couch. Suddenly, the ground started shaking. Families ran out onto the street, dogs howled, and antiques started falling off of the shelves, shattering as they fell to the floor. “An earthquake!” People screamed. But parents and kids knew in their minds that it was more than an earthquake, It was a volcanic eruption. Soon ash started spewing from the mountain off to the side of the island. People were frantic. They started running to their cars, putting on their gas masks. Everyone was trying to drive out of the city. It was so crowded. Cars crashed into each other, young children cried. Soon after that, the lava came. Oh how the lava came. Lava started flowing out of the mountain, stopping nowhere. The lava kept on coming for a long time , but eventually stopped. Long after that, the ash started again. It covered the whole city. Not everyone got out , lots of people died. Pompeii .

6. What are the most extreme conditions that can happen with your disaster??? The most extreme condition that a volcano can be is an 8. The explosivity scale is used to measure volcanoes. The scale goes from 0 to 8. If it is a very extreme volcan]o eruption the following can happen, flooding, dead humans, and also, lots and lots of ash. Before the volcano erupts with lava, ash spews out. A volcano occurs sometimes because of an earthquake and sometimes, when the gases pressure becomes too great, an eruption happens.

7. The explosivity scale The measurement scale that is used to measure a volcano is called a Explosivity index. The scale’s measurement is numbered from 0 to 8. The measurement is based on the height of the eruption, How much rock and ash is thrown out, and how long the eruption lasts. It is measured in circles as you can see.

8. Describe after effects of your disaster on Earth. Pompeii One of the after effects of volcanoes are flooding. Some of the other after effects include, mass destruction of homes, new land, and even a buried cities.

9. Key Words active volcano:a volcano that continues to erupt regularly.ash:very small, fine fragments of lava or rock that are blasted into the air during volcanic explosions.basalt:a type of rock that forms from hardened lava.caldera:a large depression, usually circular or oval shaped, left behind when a volcano's summit collapses. composite volcano:a volcano with steep sides made of layers of lava and ash.cone:the sloping outer sides of a volcano (not all volcanoes have cones).conelet:a small cone on the side of a large volcano.continental drift:the geologic theory that all continents were originally part of a single landmass before they slowly separated and drifted apart.crater:the bowl-shaped area around the opening at the top of a volcano.crust:the outermost layer of Earth, varying in thickness from 3.5 miles (5 kilometers) under the ocean to 50 miles (80 kilometers) thick under the continents.dormantvolcano:a volcano that has not erupted for many years.effusiveeruption:the type of eruption in which lava spills over the side of a crater.eruption:the release of pressure that sends lava, rocks, ash, and gases out of a volcano.extinctvolcano:a volcano that is never expected to erupt again.fissure:a crack in Earth's surface through which volcanic materials can escape.fumarole:avent in Earth's surface that releases steam and other gases, but generally no lava.geologist:a scientist who studies the origin, history, and structure of Earth.geyser:a regular spray of hot water and steam from underground into the air.hotspot:an area beneath Earth's crust where magma currents rise.igneousrock:rock made of solidified molten material that made its way from the interior of the planet to.lava:moltenrock that erupts from a fissure or a vent (see magma).lava domes:volcanic formations built up from layers of viscous lava, which does not flow far from its source.lavatube:a tube formed when an outer layer of lava is cooled by the air and hardens and molten lava then flows out of the middle of the tube, leaving it hollow.

10. Other important facts to share. Lava from a volcano is a fire hazard. Lava destroys everything in it’s way. Lava is really slow, so people have a little more time than they would in an avalanche or a tsunami to get out of the way. Something called a “lateral blast shoots rocks in all directions, sometimes knocking down giant things. (Even a whole forest!!!)

11. Thanks to: http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail http://www.google.com/imgres Gale Science in Context. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Gale Science In Context. Web. 7 Feb. 2012 BY JUSTIN · SEPTEMBER 28, 2011, Google images http://ex-maulana.blogspot.com/2011/05/pompeii.html 2006 Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. "Volcano." U*X*L Encyclopedia of Weather and Natural Disasters. Vol. 4: Optical Effects to Wildfire. Detroit: UXL, 2008. 587-615. Gale Science In Context. Web. 8 Feb. 2012. Gale Science Volcanoes.usgs.gov Fema http://www.ready.gov/volcanoes